C++实现LeetCode(19.移除链表倒数第N个节点)
[LeetCode] 19. Remove Nth Node From End of List 移除链表倒数第N个节点
Given a linked list, remove the nth node from the end of list and return its head.
For example,
Given linked list: 1->2->3->4->5, and n = 2.
After removing the second node from the end, the linked list becomes 1->2->3->5.
Note:
Given n will always be valid.
Try to do this in one pass.
这道题让我们移除链表倒数第N个节点,限定n一定是有效的,即n不会大于链表中的元素总数。还有题目要求一次遍历解决问题,那么就得想些比较巧妙的方法了。比如首先要考虑的时,如何找到倒数第N个节点,由于只允许一次遍历,所以不能用一次完整的遍历来统计链表中元素的个数,而是遍历到对应位置就应该移除了。那么就需要用两个指针来帮助解题,pre 和 cur 指针。首先 cur 指针先向前走N步,如果此时 cur 指向空,说明N为链表的长度,则需要移除的为首元素,那么此时返回 head->next 即可,如果 cur 存在,再继续往下走,此时 pre 指针也跟着走,直到 cur 为最后一个元素时停止,此时 pre 指向要移除元素的前一个元素,再修改指针跳过需要移除的元素即可,参见代码如下:
方式一:
class Solution { public: ListNode* removeNthFromEnd(ListNode* head, int n) { if (!head->next) return NULL; ListNode *pre = head, *cur = head; for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) cur = cur->next; if (!cur) return head->next; while (cur->next) { cur = cur->next; pre = pre->next; } pre->next = pre->next->next; return head; } };
方式二:
class Solution { public: int getLength(ListNode* head) { int length = 0; while (head) { ++length; head = head->next; } return length; } ListNode* removeNthFromEnd(ListNode* head, int n) { ListNode* dummy = new ListNode(0, head); int length = getLength(head); ListNode* cur = dummy; for (int i = 1; i < length - n + 1; ++i) { cur = cur->next; } cur->next = cur->next->next; ListNode* ans = dummy->next; delete dummy; return ans; } };
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