java HttpClient传输json格式的参数实例讲解
最近的一个接口项目，传的参数要求是json，需要特殊处理一下。
重点是这两句话：
httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
se.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_JSON);
这两句话的作用与jmeter的设置header信息类似
package com.base;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
/**
* @author QiaoJiafei
* @version 创建时间：2015年11月4日 下午1:55:45
* 类说明
*/
public class HttpGetByJson {
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{
final String CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_JSON = "text/json";
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(
new PoolingClientConnectionManager());
String url = "http://172.16.30.226:8091/svc/authentication/register";
String js = "{\"userName\":\"18600363833\",\"validateChar\":\"706923\",\"randomChar\":\"706923\",\"password\":\"123456\",\"confirmPwd\":\"123456\",\"recommendMobile\":\"\",\"idCard\":\"320601197608285792\",\"realName\":\"阙岩\",\"verifyCode\"}";
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
StringEntity se = new StringEntity(js);
se.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_JSON);
httpPost.setEntity(se);
CloseableHttpResponse response2 = null;
response2 = client.execute(httpPost);
HttpEntity entity2 = null;
entity2 = response2.getEntity();
String s2 = EntityUtils.toString(entity2, "UTF-8");
System.out.println(s2);
}
}
补充：HttpClient以json形式的参数调用http接口并对返回的json数据进行处理（可以带文件）
1、参数的url就是被调用的地址，map是你要传的参数。参数转成json我使用的是gson方式转换的。
主要使用的jar包有httpclient-4.5.3.jar、httpcore-4.4.6.jar、commons-codec-1.9.jar、gson-2.2.4.jar和commons-logging-1.2.jar。
如果发送的post请求想传送文件，需添加httpmime-4.5.3.jar包，并设置如下代码：
HttpEntity multipartEntityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().addBinaryBody("file", new File("D:\\workspace\\programm\\WebContent\\programm\\1991.zip")).build();
第一个参数表示请求字段名，第二个参数就是文件。
还想添加参数则
HttpEntity multipartEntityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().addTextBody("name", "张三").addBinaryBody("file", new File("D:\\workspace\\programm\\WebContent\\programm\\1991.zip")).build();
httpPost.setEntity(multipartEntityBuilder);
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
public class HttpClientUtil {
private final static String CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_JSON = "text/json";
public static String postRequest(String url, Map<String, Object> param) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
Gson gson = new Gson();
String parameter = gson.toJson(param);
StringEntity se = new StringEntity(parameter);
se.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE_TEXT_JSON);
httpPost.setEntity(se);
CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
return result;
}
}
2、返回的结果也可以使用gson转换成对象进行下一步操作。
import com.google.gson.Gson;
public class GsonUtil {
public static <T> T jsonToObject(String jsonData, Class<T> type) {
Gson gson = new Gson();
T result = gson.fromJson(jsonData, type);
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String json = "{'id':'1','name':'zhang','address':'Hubei'}";
jsonToObject(json, Person.class);
Person person = jsonToObject(json, Person.class);
System.out.println(person);
}
}
建立要转成的对象的类。
import java.util.Date;
public class Person {
private int id;
private String name;
private int age;
private String address;public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", address=" + address + "]";
}
}
3、发送以键值对形式的参数的post请求
package com.avatarmind.httpclient;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
public class HttpClient3 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
String url = "http://yuntuapi.amap.com/datamanage/table/create";
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
// 参数形式为key=value&key=value
List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("key", "060212638b94290e3dd0648c15753b64"));
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "火狐"));
// 加utf-8进行编码
UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");
httpPost.setEntity(uefEntity);
CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8");
System.out.println(result);
}
}
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持我们。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方，望不吝赐教。
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