C#使用Task.ContinueWith组合任务

代码案例

简单Demo

代码：

        public static void Main()
        {
            //创建一个任务
            Task<int> task = new Task<int>(() =>
            {
                int sum = 0;
                Console.WriteLine("使用Task異步執行操作.");
                for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++)
                {
                    sum += i;
                }
                return sum;
            });

            //启动任务,并安排到当前任务队列线程中执行任务(System.Threading.Tasks.TaskScheduler)
            task.Start();
            Console.WriteLine("主線程執行其他程序.");

            //任务完成时执行处理。
            Task cwt = task.ContinueWith(t =>
            {
                Console.WriteLine("任務完成後的結果是：{0}", t.Result.ToString());
            });
            task.Wait();
            cwt.Wait();
            Console.ReadLine();
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

结果：

任务的串行

代码：

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ConcurrentStack<int> stack = new ConcurrentStack<int>();

            //t1先串行
            var t1 = Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
            {
                //入棧
                stack.Push(1);
                stack.Push(2);
            });

            //t2,t3并行执行
            var t2 = t1.ContinueWith(t =>
            {
                int result;
                //出棧
                stack.TryPop(out result);
                Console.WriteLine("Task t2 result={0},Thread id {1}", result, Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
            });

            //t2,t3并行执行
            var t3 = t1.ContinueWith(t =>
            {
                int result;
                //出棧
                stack.TryPop(out result);
                Console.WriteLine("Task t3 result={0},Thread id {1}", result, Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
            });

            //等待t2和t3执行完
            Task.WaitAll(t2, t3);

            //t7串行执行
            var t4 = Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
            {
                Console.WriteLine("當前的集合數目：{0},Thread id {1}", stack.Count, Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
            });
            t4.Wait();
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

结果：

子任务

代码：

        public static void Main()
        {
            Task<string[]> parent = new Task<string[]>(state =>
            {
                Console.WriteLine(state);
                string[] result = new string[2];
                //创建并启动子任务
                new Task(() => { result[0] = "我是子任務1。"; }, TaskCreationOptions.AttachedToParent).Start();
                new Task(() => { result[1] = "我是子任務2。"; }, TaskCreationOptions.AttachedToParent).Start();
                return result;
            }, "我是父任務，並在處理過程中創建多個子任務，所有的子任務完成以後我才會開始執行。");
            //任务处理完成后执行的操作
            parent.ContinueWith(t =>
            {
                Array.ForEach(t.Result, r => Console.WriteLine(r));
            });
            //启动父任务
            parent.Start();
            //等待任务结束 Wait只能等待父线程结束,没办法等到父线程的ContinueWith结束
            //parent.Wait();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

结果：

动态并行

代码：

    class Node
    {
        public Node Left { get; set; }
        public Node Right { get; set; }
        public string Text { get; set; }
    }
    class Program
    {
        static Node GetNode()
        {
            Node root = new Node
            {
                Left = new Node
                {
                    Left = new Node
                    {
                        Text = "L-L"
                    },
                    Right = new Node
                    {
                        Text = "L-R"
                    },
                    Text = "L"
                },
                Right = new Node
                {
                    Left = new Node
                    {
                        Text = "R-L"
                    },
                    Right = new Node
                    {
                        Text = "R-R"
                    },
                    Text = "R"
                },
                Text = "Root"
            };
            return root;
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Node root = GetNode();
            DisplayTree(root);
        }

        static void DisplayTree(Node root)
        {
            var task = Task.Factory.StartNew(() => DisplayNode(root),
                                            CancellationToken.None,
                                            TaskCreationOptions.None,
                                            TaskScheduler.Default);
            task.Wait();
        }

        static void DisplayNode(Node current)
        {

            if (current.Left != null)
                Task.Factory.StartNew(() => DisplayNode(current.Left),
                                            CancellationToken.None,
                                            TaskCreationOptions.AttachedToParent,
                                            TaskScheduler.Default);
            if (current.Right != null)
                Task.Factory.StartNew(() => DisplayNode(current.Right),
                                            CancellationToken.None,
                                            TaskCreationOptions.AttachedToParent,
                                            TaskScheduler.Default);
            Console.WriteLine("當前節點值:{0};處理的Thread ID ={1}", current.Text, Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
        }
    }

结果：

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