用Python编写一个简单的俄罗斯方块游戏的教程

俄罗斯方块游戏，使用Python实现，总共有350+行代码，实现了俄罗斯方块游戏的基本功能，同时会记录所花费时间，消去的总行数，所得的总分，还包括一个排行榜，可以查看最高记录。

排行榜中包含一系列的统计功能，如单位时间消去的行数，单位时间得分等。

附源码：

from Tkinter import *
  from tkMessageBox import *
  import random
  import time
  #俄罗斯方块界面的高度
  HEIGHT = 18
  #俄罗斯方块界面的宽度
  WIDTH  = 10
  ACTIVE = 1
  PASSIVE = 0
  TRUE  = 1
  FALSE  = 0
  root=Tk();root.title('Russia')
  class App(Frame):
    def __init__(self,master):
      Frame.__init__(self)
      master.bind('<Up>',self.Up)
      master.bind('<Left>',self.Left)
      master.bind('<Right>',self.Right)
      master.bind('<Down>',self.Down)
      #master.bind('<Down>',self.Space)
      master.bind('<space>',self.Space)
      master.bind('<Control-Shift-Key-F12>',self.Play)
      master.bind('<Key-F6>',self.Pause)
      self.backg="#%02x%02x%02x" % (120,150,30)
      self.frontg="#%02x%02x%02x" % (40,120,150)
      self.nextg="#%02x%02x%02x" % (150,100,100)
      self.flashg="#%02x%02x%02x" % (210,130,100)
      self.LineDisplay=Label(master,text='Lines: ',bg='black',fg='red')
      self.Line=Label(master,text='0',bg='black',fg='red')
      self.ScoreDisplay=Label(master,text='Score: ',bg='black',fg='red')
      self.Score=Label(master,text='0',bg='black',fg='red')
      #Display time
      self.SpendTimeDisplay=Label(master,text='Time: ',bg='black',fg='red')
      self.SpendTime=Label(master,text='0.0',bg='black',fg='red')
      self.LineDisplay.grid(row=HEIGHT-2,column=WIDTH,columnspan=2)
      self.Line.grid(row=HEIGHT-2,column=WIDTH+2,columnspan=3)
      self.ScoreDisplay.grid(row=HEIGHT-1,column=WIDTH,columnspan=2)
      self.Score.grid(row=HEIGHT-1,column=WIDTH+2,columnspan=3)
      #Display time
      self.SpendTimeDisplay.grid(row=HEIGHT-4,column=WIDTH,columnspan=2)
      self.SpendTime.grid(row=HEIGHT-4,column=WIDTH+2,columnspan=3)
      self.TotalTime=0.0
      self.TotalLine=0;self.TotalScore=0
      #Game over
      self.isgameover=FALSE
      #Pause
      self.isPause=FALSE
      #Start
      self.isStart=FALSE
      self.NextList=[];self.NextRowList=[]
      r=0;c=0
      for k in range(4*4):
        LN=Label(master,text='  ',bg=str(self.nextg),fg='white',relief=FLAT,bd=4)
        LN.grid(row=r,column=WIDTH+c,sticky=N+E+S+W)
        self.NextRowList.append(LN)
        c=c+1
        if c>=4:
          r=r+1;c=0
          self.NextList.append(self.NextRowList)
          self.NextRowList=[]
      self.BlockList=[];self.LabelList=[]
      self.BlockRowList=[];self.LabelRowList=[]
      row=0;col=0
      for i in range(HEIGHT*WIDTH):
        L=Label(master,text='  ',bg=str(self.backg),fg='white',relief=FLAT,bd=4)
        L.grid(row=row,column=col,sticky=N+E+S+W)
        L.row=row;L.col=col;L.isactive=PASSIVE
        self.BlockRowList.append(0);self.LabelRowList.append(L)
        col=col+1
        if col>=WIDTH:
          row=row+1;col=0
          self.BlockList.append(self.BlockRowList)
          self.LabelList.append(self.LabelRowList)
          self.BlockRowList=[];self.LabelRowList=[]
      #file
      fw=open('text.txt','a')
      fw.close()
      hasHead=FALSE
      f=open('text.txt','r')
      if f.read(5)=='score':
        hasHead=TRUE
      f.close()
      self.file=open('text.txt','r+a')
      if hasHead==FALSE:
        self.file.write('score  line  time  scorePtime  linePtime  scorePline  date/n')
        self.file.flush() 

      self.time=1000
      self.OnTimer()
    def __del__(self):
      #self.file.close()
      pass 

    def Pause(self,event):
      self.isPause=1-self.isPause
    def Up(self,event):
      BL=self.BlockList;LL=self.LabelList
      Moveable=TRUE
      xtotal=0;ytotal=0;count=0
      for i in range(HEIGHT):
        for j in range(WIDTH):
          if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE:
            xtotal=xtotal+i;ytotal=ytotal+j;count=count+1
      SourceList=[];DestList=[]
      for i in range(HEIGHT):
        for j in range(WIDTH):
          if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE:
            x0=(xtotal+ytotal)/count;y0=(ytotal-xtotal )/count
            xr=(xtotal+ytotal)%count;yr=(ytotal-xtotal)%count
            x=x0-j;y=y0+i
            if xr>=count/2:x=x+1
            if yr>=count/2:y=y+1
            SourceList.append([i,j]);DestList.append([x,y])
            if x<0 or x>=HEIGHT or y<0 or y>=WIDTH:Moveable=FALSE
            if x>=0 and x<HEIGHT and y>=0 and y<WIDTH and BL[x][y]==1 and LL[x][y].isactive==PASSIVE:Moveable=FALSE
      if Moveable==TRUE:
        for i in range(len(SourceList)):
          self.Empty(SourceList[i][0],SourceList[i][1])
        for i in range(len(DestList)):
          self.Fill(DestList[i][0],DestList[i][1])
    def Left(self,event):
      BL=self.BlockList;LL=self.LabelList
      Moveable=TRUE
      for i in range(HEIGHT):
        for j in range(WIDTH):
          if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and j-1<0:Moveable=FALSE
          if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and j-1>=0 and BL[i][j-1]==1 and LL[i][j-1].isactive==PASSIVE:Moveable=FALSE
      if Moveable==TRUE:
        for i in range(HEIGHT):
          for j in range(WIDTH):
            if j-1>=0 and LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and BL[i][j-1]==0:
              self.Fill(i,j-1);self.Empty(i,j)
    def Right(self,event):
      BL=self.BlockList;LL=self.LabelList
      Moveable=TRUE
      for i in range(HEIGHT):
        for j in range(WIDTH):
          if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and j+1>=WIDTH:Moveable=FALSE
          if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and j+1<WIDTH and BL[i][j+1]==1 and LL[i][j+1].isactive==PASSIVE:Moveable=FALSE
      if Moveable==TRUE:
        for i in range(HEIGHT-1,-1,-1):
          for j in range(WIDTH-1,-1,-1):
            if j+1<WIDTH and LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and BL[i][j+1]==0:
              self.Fill(i,j+1);self.Empty(i,j)
    def Space(self,event):
      while 1:
        if self.Down(0)==FALSE:break
    def OnTimer(self):
      if self.isStart==TRUE and self.isPause==FALSE:
        self.TotalTime = self.TotalTime + float(self.time)/1000
        self.SpendTime.config(text=str(self.TotalTime)) 

      if self.isPause==FALSE:
        self.Down(0)
      if self.TotalScore>=1000:self.time=900
      if self.TotalScore>=2000:self.time=750
      if self.TotalScore>=3000:self.time=600
      if self.TotalScore>=4000:self.time=400
      self.after(self.time,self.OnTimer)
    def Down(self,event):
      BL=self.BlockList;LL=self.LabelList
      Moveable=TRUE
      for i in range(HEIGHT):
        for j in range(WIDTH):
          if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and i+1>=HEIGHT:Moveable=FALSE
          if LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and i+1<HEIGHT and BL[i+1][j]==1 and LL[i+1][j].isactive==PASSIVE:Moveable=FALSE
      if Moveable==TRUE:
        for i in range(HEIGHT-1,-1,-1):
          for j in range(WIDTH-1,-1,-1):
            if i+1<HEIGHT and LL[i][j].isactive==ACTIVE and BL[i+1][j]==0:
              self.Fill(i+1,j);self.Empty(i,j)
      if Moveable==FALSE:
        for i in range(HEIGHT):
          for j in range(WIDTH):
            LL[i][j].isactive=PASSIVE
        self.JudgeLineFill()
        self.Start()
        if self.isgameover==TRUE:showinfo('T_T','The game is over!');self.Distroy();return FALSE
        for i in range(4):
          for j in range(4):
            self.NextEmpty(i,j)
        self.Rnd()
      return Moveable
    def JudgeLineFill(self):
      BL=self.BlockList;LL=self.LabelList
      count=0;LineList=[]
      for i in range(WIDTH):LineList.append(1)
      #display flash
      for i in range(HEIGHT):
        if BL[i]==LineList:
          count=count+1
          for k in range(WIDTH):
            LL[i][k].config(bg=str(self.flashg))
            LL[i][k].update()
      if count!=0:self.after(100)
      #delete block
      for i in range(HEIGHT):
        if BL[i]==LineList:
          #count=count+1
          for j in range(i,0,-1):
            for k in range(WIDTH):
              BL[j][k]=BL[j-1][k]
              LL[j][k]['relief']=LL[j-1][k].cget('relief')
              LL[j][k]['bg']=LL[j-1][k].cget('bg')
          for l in range(WIDTH):
            BL[0][l]=0
            LL[0][l].config(relief=FLAT,bg=str(self.backg))
      self.TotalLine=self.TotalLine+count
      if count==1:self.TotalScore=self.TotalScore+1*WIDTH
      if count==2:self.TotalScore=self.TotalScore+3*WIDTH
      if count==3:self.TotalScore=self.TotalScore+6*WIDTH
      if count==4:self.TotalScore=self.TotalScore+10*WIDTH
      self.Line.config(text=str(self.TotalLine))
      self.Score.config(text=str(self.TotalScore))
    def Fill(self,i,j):
      if j<0:return
      if self.BlockList[i][j]==1:self.isgameover=TRUE
      self.BlockList[i][j]=1
      self.LabelList[i][j].isactive=ACTIVE
      self.LabelList[i][j].config(relief=RAISED,bg=str(self.frontg))
    def Empty(self,i,j):
      self.BlockList[i][j]=0
      self.LabelList[i][j].isactive=PASSIVE
      self.LabelList[i][j].config(relief=FLAT,bg=str(self.backg))
    def Play(self,event):
      showinfo('Made in China','^_</font></p>
  <p><span mce_name="em" style="font-style: italic;" class="Apple-style-span" mce_style="font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small; " id="" mce_style="font-size: small;"><br></span></span></p>
  <p><span mce_name="em" style="font-style: italic;" class="Apple-style-span" mce_style="font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size: small; " id="" mce_style="font-size: small;">  </span></span></p>
  <p><br></p>)
    def NextFill(self,i,j):
      self.NextList[i][j].config(relief=RAISED,bg=str(self.frontg))
    def NextEmpty(self,i,j):
      self.NextList[i][j].config(relief=FLAT,bg=str(self.nextg))
    def Distroy(self):
      #save
      if self.TotalScore!=0:
        savestr='%-9u%-8u%-8.2f%-14.2f%-13.2f%-14.2f%s/n' % (self.TotalScore,self.TotalLine,self.TotalTime
                          ,self.TotalScore/self.TotalTime
                          ,self.TotalLine/self.TotalTime
                          ,float(self.TotalScore)/self.TotalLine
                          ,time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',time.localtime()))
        self.file.seek(0,2)
        self.file.write(savestr)
        self.file.flush() 

      for i in range(HEIGHT):
        for j in range(WIDTH):
          self.Empty(i,j)
      self.TotalLine=0;self.TotalScore=0;self.TotalTime=0.0
      self.Line.config(text=str(self.TotalLine))
      self.Score.config(text=str(self.TotalScore))
      self.SpendTime.config(text=str(self.TotalTime))
      self.isgameover=FALSE
      self.isStart=FALSE
      self.time=1000
      for i in range(4):
        for j in range(4):
          self.NextEmpty(i,j)
    def Start(self):
      if self.x==1:self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2-2);self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2+1)
      if self.x==2:self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2)
      if self.x==3:self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2+1)
      if self.x==4:self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2+1)
      if self.x==5:self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2+1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2+1)
      if self.x==6:self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2+1)
      if self.x==7:self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2);self.Fill(0,WIDTH/2+1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2-1);self.Fill(1,WIDTH/2)
      self.isStart=TRUE
    def Rnd(self):
      self.x=random.randint(1,7)
      if self.x==1:self.NextFill(0,0);self.NextFill(0,1);self.NextFill(0,2);self.NextFill(0,3)
      if self.x==2:self.NextFill(0,1);self.NextFill(0,2);self.NextFill(1,1);self.NextFill(1,2)
      if self.x==3:self.NextFill(0,2);self.NextFill(1,1);self.NextFill(1,2);self.NextFill(1,3)
      if self.x==4:self.NextFill(0,1);self.NextFill(1,1);self.NextFill(1,2);self.NextFill(1,3)
      if self.x==5:self.NextFill(0,3);self.NextFill(1,1);self.NextFill(1,2);self.NextFill(1,3)
      if self.x==6:self.NextFill(0,1);self.NextFill(0,2);self.NextFill(1,2);self.NextFill(1,3)
      if self.x==7:self.NextFill(0,2);self.NextFill(0,3);self.NextFill(1,1);self.NextFill(1,2)
    def RndFirst(self):
      self.x=random.randint(1,7)
    def Show(self):
      self.file.seek(0)
      strHeadLine=self.file.readline()
      dictLine={}
      strTotalLine=''
      for OneLine in self.file.readlines():
        temp=int(OneLine[:5])
        dictLine[temp]=OneLine 

      list=sorted(dictLine.items(),key=lambda d:d[0])
      ii=0
      for onerecord in reversed(list):
        ii=ii+1
        if ii<11:
          strTotalLine+=onerecord[1]
      showinfo('Ranking', strHeadLine+strTotalLine)
  def Start():
    app.RndFirst();app.Start();app.Rnd()
  def End():
    app.Distroy()
  def Set():
    pass
  def Show():
    app.Show() 

  mainmenu=Menu(root)
  root['menu']=mainmenu
  gamemenu=Menu(mainmenu)
  mainmenu.add_cascade(label='game',menu=gamemenu)
  gamemenu.add_command(label='start',command=Start)
  gamemenu.add_command(label='end',command=End)
  gamemenu.add_separator()
  gamemenu.add_command(label='exit',command=root.quit)
  setmenu=Menu(mainmenu)
  mainmenu.add_cascade(label='set',menu=setmenu)
  setmenu.add_command(label='set',command=Set)
  showmenu=Menu(mainmenu)
  mainmenu.add_cascade(label='show',menu=showmenu)
  showmenu.add_command(label='show',command=Show)
  app=App(root)
  root.mainloop()