Android快速实现发送邮件实例

前言

现在一般很少有用Android原生app发送邮件的需求，但是前段时间公司项目需要在Android app 内部发送邮件，于是就在网上收集资料并整理了一个Demo。虽然最后这个需求被减掉了，但是我这里还是把Demo的内容给大家分享一下。

第一步、导入第三方jar包

Android实现发送邮件，首先需要依赖additional.jar、mail.jar和activation.jar这3个jar包。Google提供了下载地址：https://code.google.com/archive/p/javamail-android/downloads 。下载后添加到依赖（这里我就不详细说明了）。

第二步、创建相关类

1、创建MailInfo类，来代表一个即将被发送的邮件

package com.shidian.mail;

import java.util.Properties;

public class MailInfo {

  private String mailServerHost;// 发送邮件的服务器的IP
  private String mailServerPort;// 发送邮件的服务器的端口
  private String fromAddress;// 邮件发送者的地址
  private String toAddress;  // 邮件接收者的地址
  private String userName;// 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名
  private String password;// 登陆邮件发送服务器的密码
  private boolean validate = true;// 是否需要身份验证
  private String subject;// 邮件主题
  private String content;// 邮件的文本内容
  private String[] attachFileNames;// 邮件附件的文件名

  /**
   * 获得邮件会话属性
   */
  public Properties getProperties() {
    Properties p = new Properties();
    p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost);
    p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort);
    p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false");
    return p;
  }

  public String getMailServerHost() {
    return mailServerHost;
  }

  public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) {
    this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost;
  }

  public String getMailServerPort() {
    return mailServerPort;
  }

  public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) {
    this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort;
  }

  public boolean isValidate() {
    return validate;
  }

  public void setValidate(boolean validate) {
    this.validate = validate;
  }

  public String[] getAttachFileNames() {
    return attachFileNames;
  }

  public void setAttachFileNames(String[] fileNames) {
    this.attachFileNames = fileNames;
  }

  public String getFromAddress() {
    return fromAddress;
  }

  public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) {
    this.fromAddress = fromAddress;
  }

  public String getPassword() {
    return password;
  }

  public void setPassword(String password) {
    this.password = password;
  }

  public String getToAddress() {
    return toAddress;
  }

  public void setToAddress(String toAddress) {
    this.toAddress = toAddress;
  }

  public String getUserName() {
    return userName;
  }

  public void setUserName(String userName) {
    this.userName = userName;
  }

  public String getSubject() {
    return subject;
  }

  public void setSubject(String subject) {
    this.subject = subject;
  }

  public String getContent() {
    return content;
  }

  public void setContent(String textContent) {
    this.content = textContent;
  }
}

2、创建认证类MyAuthenticator

package com.shidian.mail;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator {
  String userName = null;
  String password = null;
  public MyAuthenticator() {
  }
  public MyAuthenticator(String username, String password) {
    this.userName = username;
    this.password = password;
  }
  protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
    return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);
  }
}

3、创建邮件发送类MailSender

package com.shidian.mail;

import android.util.Log;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeUtility;

/**
 * 发送器
 */
public class MailSender {
  /**
   * 以文本格式发送邮件
   * @param mailInfo 待发送的邮件的信息
   */
  public boolean sendTextMail(final MailInfo mailInfo) {

    // 判断是否需要身份认证
    MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;
    Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();
    if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {
      // 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器
      authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());
    }
    // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
    Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);

//    Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, new Authenticator() {
//      @Override
//      protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
//        return new PasswordAuthentication(mailInfo.getUserName(),mailInfo.getPassword());
//      }
//    });

    try {
      // 根据session创建一个邮件消息
      Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
      // 创建邮件发送者地址
      Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());
      // 设置邮件消息的发送者
      mailMessage.setFrom(from);
      // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
      Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());
      mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
      // 设置邮件消息的主题
      mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());
      // 设置邮件消息发送的时间
      mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());

      // 设置邮件消息的主要内容
      String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();
      mailMessage.setText(mailContent);
      // 发送邮件
      Transport.send(mailMessage);
      return true;
    } catch (MessagingException ex) {
      ex.printStackTrace();
    }
    return false;
  }

  /**
   * 以HTML格式发送邮件
   * @param mailInfo 待发送的邮件信息
   */
  public static boolean sendHtmlMail(MailInfo mailInfo) {
    // 判断是否需要身份认证
    MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;
    Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();
    // 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器
    if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {
      authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());
    }
    // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
    Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);
    try {
      // 根据session创建一个邮件消息
      Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
      // 创建邮件发送者地址
      Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());
      // 设置邮件消息的发送者
      mailMessage.setFrom(from);
      // 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
      Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());
      // Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TO
      mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
      // 设置邮件消息的主题
      mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());
      // 设置邮件消息发送的时间
      mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
      // MiniMultipart类是一个容器类，包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象
      Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();
      // 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart
      BodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();
      // 设置HTML内容
      html.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8");
      mainPart.addBodyPart(html);
      // 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容
      mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);
      // 发送邮件
      Transport.send(mailMessage);
      return true;
    } catch (MessagingException ex) {
      ex.printStackTrace();
    }
    return false;
  }

  /**
   * 发送带附件的邮件
   * @param info
   * @return
   */
  public boolean sendFileMail(MailInfo info, File file){
    Message attachmentMail = createAttachmentMail(info,file);
    try {
      Transport.send(attachmentMail);
      return true;
    } catch (MessagingException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      return false;
    }

  }

  /**
   * 创建带有附件的邮件
   * @return
   */
  private Message createAttachmentMail(final MailInfo info, File file) {
    //创建邮件
    MimeMessage message = null;
    Properties pro = info.getProperties();
    try {

      Session sendMailSession = Session.getInstance(pro, new Authenticator() {
        @Override
        protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
          return new PasswordAuthentication(info.getUserName(),info.getPassword());
        }
      });

      message = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
      // 设置邮件的基本信息
      //创建邮件发送者地址
      Address from = new InternetAddress(info.getFromAddress());
      //设置邮件消息的发送者
      message.setFrom(from);
      //创建邮件的接受者地址，并设置到邮件消息中
      Address to = new InternetAddress(info.getToAddress());
      //设置邮件消息的接受者, Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TO
      message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);
      //邮件标题
      message.setSubject(info.getSubject());

      // 创建邮件正文，为了避免邮件正文中文乱码问题，需要使用CharSet=UTF-8指明字符编码
      MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();
      text.setContent(info.getContent(), "text/html;charset=UTF-8");

      // 创建容器描述数据关系
      MimeMultipart mp = new MimeMultipart();
      mp.addBodyPart(text);
        // 创建邮件附件
        MimeBodyPart attach = new MimeBodyPart();

      FileDataSource ds = new FileDataSource(file);
      DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(ds);
        attach.setDataHandler(dh);
        attach.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(dh.getName()));
        mp.addBodyPart(attach);
      mp.setSubType("mixed");
      message.setContent(mp);
      message.saveChanges();

    } catch (Exception e) {
      Log.e("TAG", "创建带附件的邮件失败");
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    // 返回生成的邮件
    return message;
  }
}

第三步、发送邮件

这里举例发送文本邮件和带附件的邮件

package teprinciple.yang.sendmaildemo;

import android.os.Environment;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;

import com.shidian.mail.SendMailUtil;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

  private EditText editText;

  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.toAddEt);
  }

  public void senTextMail(View view) {
    SendMailUtil.send(editText.getText().toString());
  }

  public void sendFileMail(View view) {

    File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+File.separator+"test.txt");
    OutputStream os = null;
    try {
      os = new FileOutputStream(file);
      String str = "hello world";
      byte[] data = str.getBytes();
      os.write(data);
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }finally{
      try {
        if (os != null)os.close();
      } catch (IOException e) {
      }
    }
    SendMailUtil.send(file,editText.getText().toString());
  }
}

下面是发送邮件的SendMailUtil

package com.shidian.mail;

import android.support.annotation.NonNull;

import java.io.File;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/4/10.
 */

public class SendMailUtil {
  //qq
  private static final String HOST = "smtp.qq.com";
  private static final String PORT = "587";
  private static final String FROM_ADD = "teprinciple@foxmail.com";
  private static final String FROM_PSW = "lfrlpganzjrwbeci";

//  //163
//  private static final String HOST = "smtp.163.com";
//  private static final String PORT = "465"; //或者465 994
//  private static final String FROM_ADD = "teprinciple@163.com";
//  private static final String FROM_PSW = "teprinciple163";
////  private static final String TO_ADD = "2584770373@qq.com";

  public static void send(final File file,String toAdd){
    final MailInfo mailInfo = creatMail(toAdd);
    final MailSender sms = new MailSender();
    new Thread(new Runnable() {
      @Override
      public void run() {
        sms.sendFileMail(mailInfo,file);
      }
    }).start();
  }

  public static void send(String toAdd){
    final MailInfo mailInfo = creatMail(toAdd);
    final MailSender sms = new MailSender();
    new Thread(new Runnable() {
      @Override
      public void run() {
        sms.sendTextMail(mailInfo);
      }
    }).start();
  }

  @NonNull
  private static MailInfo creatMail(String toAdd) {
    final MailInfo mailInfo = new MailInfo();
    mailInfo.setMailServerHost(HOST);
    mailInfo.setMailServerPort(PORT);
    mailInfo.setValidate(true);
    mailInfo.setUserName(FROM_ADD); // 你的邮箱地址
    mailInfo.setPassword(FROM_PSW);// 您的邮箱密码
    mailInfo.setFromAddress(FROM_ADD); // 发送的邮箱
    mailInfo.setToAddress(toAdd); // 发到哪个邮件去
    mailInfo.setSubject("Hello"); // 邮件主题
    mailInfo.setContent("Android 测试"); // 邮件文本
    return mailInfo;
  }
}

特别注意：一定要打开邮箱POP3/IMAP/SMTP服务，不然认证会失败

项目地址：https://github.com/teprinciple/SendMailDemo

demo下载地址：SendMailDemo_jb51.rar

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持我们。