C语言实现学生管理系统的源码分享

注意:没有用到数据库使用链表完成此系统!

多文件实现

正式开始

代码都可以直接使用

不想看的,直接复制代码块里面的内容就行!

我用的visual studio 2019   有些使用了 _s  如果是用别的编译器,可以自行修改!

功能介绍

增,删,改,查,退出,保存,以至于格式化!

1.录入学生信息

2.查看录入的学生信息(全部学生信息)

3.修改已录入的学生信息(以学号)

4.删除已录入的学生信息(以学号)

5.保存信息到文件

6.指定查找(以学号)

7.隐藏选项(格式化链表--清空)

'q'退出系统

实现功能

创建源文件main.c 函数部分

//不一一介绍,不懂得去查就行,要学会Google!
#include "myList.h"  //引入自己写得一个头文件

//菜单界面
void menu(void);//函数声明,菜单显示函数.
//按钮互动
void keydown(struct Node* List);

int main(void) {

	struct  Node* List = createrList();//创建一个叫List的链表
	readInfoFromFile(List, "student.txt");//读取在student.txt的文件  然后写入List链表中

	while (true) {//一直循环,知道用户不用这个程序后,输入'q' 退出程序!

		//显示菜单
		menu(); 

		//然后读取用户输入的值,进行操作!
		keydown(List);

		system("pause");//暂停程序用的
		system("cls");//执行完一次,就清屏一次,看起来比较舒服
	}

	system("pause");//不闪退!同上面作用

	return 0;
}

//这里是用一个结构体,到时用来储存我们的提示信息
 //结构体  把菜单要输入的内容都放进这里面
//功能
struct hint_menu {//桌面菜单使用!
	char one_menu[25];
	char two_menu[30];
	char three_menu[30];
	char four_menu[30];
	char five_menu[25];
	char six_menu[25];
	char seven_menu[25];

};

//桌面菜单
void menu(void) {

	//使用指针 chosen 指向我们的结构体 ,然后给它动态分配空间
// 									类型    						分配的大小
	struct hint_menu* chosen = (struct hint_menu*)malloc(sizeof(struct hint_menu));

	if (chosen) {//这里的if()可写可不写,我写了是划分代码块好看点

	//存入要输入内容
	//这里修改内容即可  ,  想添加就去结构体那先添加一下数组
	strcpy_s(chosen->one_menu, sizeof(chosen->one_menu), "1.录入学生信息");
	strcpy_s(chosen->two_menu, sizeof(chosen->two_menu), "2.查看已录入的学生信息");
	strcpy_s(chosen->three_menu, sizeof(chosen->three_menu), "3.修改已录入的学生信息");
	strcpy_s(chosen->four_menu, sizeof(chosen->four_menu), "4.删除已录入的学生信息");
	strcpy_s(chosen->five_menu, sizeof(chosen->five_menu), "5.保存至文件");
	strcpy_s(chosen->six_menu, sizeof(chosen->six_menu), "6.指定查找");
	strcpy_s(chosen->seven_menu, sizeof(chosen->seven_menu), "q.退出系统");

	//其实这样比较麻烦

	//你们可以直接定义一个字符串
	//char inset[20] = "1.录入学生信息";  以此类推

	//输出你存入的内容
		printf("\n\n\n\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\t******************欢迎进入学生管理系统*******************\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\t*\t\t %s\t\t\t\t*\n", chosen->one_menu);
		printf("\t\t\t\t*\t\t %s  \t\t*\n", chosen->two_menu);
		printf("\t\t\t\t*\t\t %s  \t\t*\n", chosen->three_menu);
		printf("\t\t\t\t*\t\t %s  \t\t*\n", chosen->four_menu);
		printf("\t\t\t\t*\t\t %s \t\t\t\t*\n", chosen->five_menu);
		printf("\t\t\t\t*\t\t %s \t\t\t\t*\n", chosen->six_menu);
		printf("\t\t\t\t*\t\t %s \t\t\t\t*\n", chosen->seven_menu);
		printf("\t\t\t\t*********************************************************\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\t请输入你的选项1~6  and  (q quit program):");

		fflush(stdout);//刷新输出缓冲流
	}

}

                                                                                                                                //功能实现  ,按钮互动
void keydown(struct Node* List) {

	struct  student  info;
	char num[12];
	char choose,ch;
	choose = enter();
	switch (choose) {

	case '1':
		printf("\t\t\t\t******************录入学生信息******************\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\t请输入要录入的学生:学号\t姓名\t性别\t年龄\t电话\t\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\t请输入学号:");

		scanf_s("%s",info.number, (unsigned int)sizeof(info.number));

		printf("\t\t\t\t请输入姓名:");

		scanf_s("%s",info.name,(int)sizeof(info.name));

		printf("\t\t\t\t请输入%s的性别:",info.name);

		scanf_s("%s",info.gender,(int)sizeof(info.gender));

		printf("\t\t\t\t请输入%s的年龄:", info.name);

		scanf_s("%hd", &info.age);

		printf("\t\t\t\t请输入%s的电话:", info.name);

		scanf_s("%s", info.tel, (int)sizeof(info.tel));

		insertNodeByHead(List, info);
		printf("\t\t\t\t录入完成! Done!");
		break;

	case '2':
		printf("\t\t\t\t***************查看已录入学生信息************\n");
		printfNode(List);
		printf("\t\t\t\t一共有%d个人\n", LengthNode(List));
		break;

	case '3':
		printf("\t\t\t\t******************修改学生信息*******************\n");
		printfNode(List);
		printf("\t\t\t\t请输入需要修改的学生学号:");
		scanf_s("%s", num, (unsigned int)sizeof(num));
		upDataNode(List,num);
		break;

	case '4':
		printf("\t\t\t\t******************删除学生信息*******************\n");
		printfNode(List);
		printf("\t\t\t\t请输入需要删除的学生学号:");
		scanf_s("%s",num,(unsigned int)sizeof(num));
		deteleNodeAppoinNumber(List, num);
		break;

	case '5':
		printf("\t\t\t\t******************保存至文件*******************\n");
		weiteInfoToFile(List, "use_stu.txt");
		printf("\t\t\t\t备份完成\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\tDone\n");
		break;

	case '6':
		printf("\t\t\t\t******************指定位置查找*******************\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\t请输入想要查找的学生学号:");
		scanf_s("%s",num, (unsigned int)sizeof(num));
		printfToInput(List,num);
		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDone\n");
		break;

	case '7':
		printf("\t\t\t\t******************格式化链表*******************\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\t*********************************\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\t******************注意***********\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\t********此操作无法撤回!**********\n");
		printf("\t\t\t\t(确认请输入[Y] 取消请选择[q]):");
		ch = enter();
		switch (ch)
		{
		case 'Y':
			formattedLinkedList(List);
			weiteInfoToFile(List, "student.txt");
			break;
		case 'q':
			printf("\t\t\t\t退出成功");
			return;
			break;
		default:
			printf("\t\t\t\t(确认请输入[Y] 取消请选择[q]):");
			break;
		}
		break;

	case 'q':
		printf("\t\t\t\t正常退出系统成功\n");
		exit(0);
		break;

	default:
		printf("\n\t\t\t\t请重新输入(1~5  and  (q quit program))\n");
		break;

	}
	weiteInfoToFile(List,"student.txt");
}

创建源文件头文件 enter.h 部分

#pragma once  //防止重复引用
#include "myList.h" 

//处理写入
char enter(void); //函数声明

char enter(void) {
	short count = 1;//次数

	char input = getchar(); // 读取单个字符
	fflush(stdin);//清空输入缓存区,防止读取后,又读取

	for (int i = 1; i <= 12; i++) {//如果超过误输入超过13次,强制退出程序

		if (input == '\n') {//如果读取的一直是回车,就会执行,否则返回该值
			count++;

			scanf_s("%c", &input, 3);

			fflush(stdin);

			if (count == 5) {
				printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t别再调皮了!\n");
				continue;
			}
			else if (count == 11) {
				printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t别在摁回车键了!最后一次机会了\n");
				continue;

			}
			else if (count == 13) {

				printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t程序已强制退出!byebye");
				exit(0);
			}

		}
		else { return  input; }

	}
	return 0;
}

重头戏来咯

创建头文件 myList.h

#pragma once
//前面没有引用是应为这里都引用了,所以引用一次头文件就欧克了
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "enter.h"

//定义一个学生类型的结构体
struct student {

	char name[20]; //姓名
	char gender[3];//性别
	char number[12]; //学号
	char tel[12];//电话号码
	short age;//年龄

	//需要可以在添加

};

//结点
struct Node {

	struct student data;  //数据域

	struct Node* next;		//指针域
};

//创建链表
struct Node* createrList(void) {

	struct Node* headNode = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));

	if (headNode) {
		//初始化
		headNode->next = NULL;

	}

	return headNode;
}

//创建结点
struct Node* createNode(struct student data) {

	struct Node* newNode = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));

	if (newNode) {
		//把数据存进去
		newNode->data = data;
		newNode->next = NULL;
	}

	return newNode;	

}

//插入结点				参数:插入哪个链表  插入结点的数据是多少
void insertNodeByHead(struct Node* headNode, struct student data) {
	//创建结点
	struct Node* newNode = createNode(data);//赋值
	//使插入的结点接在 headNode后面
	newNode->next = headNode->next;
	headNode->next = newNode;

}

//打印链表 也就是遍历
void  printfNode(struct Node* headNode) {

	struct Node* pMove = headNode->next;

	printf("\t\t\t\t\t学号\t姓名\t性别\t年龄\t电话\n");
	while (pMove != NULL) {

		printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t%06s\t%s\t%s\t%hd\t%s", pMove->data.number, pMove->data.name, pMove->data.gender, pMove->data.age, pMove->data.tel);

		pMove = pMove->next;
	}

	printf("\n");

}

//指定位置删除
void deteleNodeAppoinNumber(struct Node* headNode, char number[12]) {

	struct Node* posNode = headNode->next;
	struct Node* posFrontNode = headNode;

	if (posNode == NULL) {
		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t表中没有参数\n");
	}
	else {

		while (strcmp(posNode->data.number,number)!=0) {//如果不是的话

			posFrontNode = posNode;
			posNode = posNode->next;

			if (posNode == NULL) {//找到最后一个也没有找到

				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t表中没有该学号的学生.\n");
				return;
			}
		}

		//找到了
		posFrontNode->next = posNode->next;

		free(posNode);

		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\tDone it!\n");

	}

}

//更新已录入内容
void upDataNode(struct Node* headNode, char number[12]) {

	struct Node* posNode = headNode->next;
	struct Node* posFrontNode = headNode;
	struct student info;
	char chosen;

	if (posNode == NULL) {

		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t无法修改,该表里面没有内容\n");

	}
	else {
		while (strcmp(posNode->data.number,number)!=0) {

			posFrontNode = posNode;
			posNode = posNode->next;

			if (posNode == NULL) {
				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t该表中没有此学号的学生,无法修改\n");
				return;
			}

		}

		while (true) {
			printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入要修改什么选项:"
				"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t(1.学号\t2.姓名\t3.性别\t4.年龄\t5.电话)"
				"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t(如果不需要了选择'Q')\n-->:");
			chosen = enter();

			fflush(stdin);

			switch (chosen) {
			case '1':
				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入需要更改的学生信息:\n");
				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入学号:");
				scanf_s("%s", info.number,(int)sizeof(info.number));
				strcpy_s(posNode->data.number, sizeof(posNode->data.number),info.number);

				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\tDone!\n");
				break;

			case '2':
				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入需要更改的学生信息:\n");
				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入姓名:");
				scanf_s("%s", info.name, (int)sizeof(info.name));
				fflush(stdin);
				strcpy_s(posNode->data.name, sizeof(posNode->data.name), info.name);
				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\tDone!\n");
				break;

			case '3':
				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入%s的性别:", posNode->data.name);
				scanf_s("%s", info.gender, (int)sizeof(info.gender));
				fflush(stdin);
				strcpy_s(posNode->data.gender, sizeof(posNode->data.gender), info.gender);
				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\tDone!\n");
				break;

			case '4':
				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入%s的年龄:", posNode->data.name);
				scanf_s("%hd", &info.age);
				posNode->data.age = info.age;
				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\tDone!\n");
				break;

			case '5':
				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t请输入%s的电话:", posNode->data.name);
				scanf_s("%s", info.tel, (int)sizeof(info.tel));
				fflush(stdin);
				strcpy_s(posNode->data.tel, sizeof(posNode->data.tel), info.tel);
				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\tDone!\n");
				break;
			case'Q':
				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t退出此选项");
				return;
			default:
				printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t请重新输入(1~5  and  (q quit ))\n");
				break;
			}

		}

	}
}

//指定位置查看
void printfToInput(struct Node* headNode, char number[12]) {

	struct Node* posNode = headNode->next;
	struct Node* posFrontNode = headNode;

	if (posNode == NULL) {
		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t该表为空\n");

	}else {
		while (strcmp(posNode->data.number,number)!=0) {
			posFrontNode = posNode;
			posNode = posNode->next;

			if (posNode == NULL) {
				printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t没有找到该学生\n");
				return;
			}

		}

		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t学号\t姓名\t性别\t年龄\t电话\n");
		printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\t%06s\t%s\t%s\t%hd\t%s", posNode->data.number, posNode->data.name, posNode->data.gender, posNode->data.age, posNode->data.tel);

	}
	printf("\n");
}

//读文件
bool  readInfoFromFile(struct Node* headNode, char* fileName) {

	struct student data;

	//打开文件
	FILE* fp;
	fopen_s(&fp, fileName, "r");

	if (fp == NULL) {
		fopen_s(&fp, fileName, "w+");
	}

	//2操作
	if (fp == NULL) { return EOF; }
	while (fscanf_s(fp, "%s\t%s\t%s\t%hd\t%s", data.number,(int)sizeof(data.number), data.name, (int)sizeof(data.name), data.gender, (int)sizeof(data.gender), &data.age, data.tel, (int)sizeof(data.tel)) != EOF) {

		insertNodeByHead(headNode, data);

	}

	//关闭文件
	if (fp == NULL) { return EOF; }
	fclose(fp);

	return 0;
}

//写文件
bool  weiteInfoToFile(struct Node* headNode, char* fileName) {
	FILE* fp;
	fopen_s(&fp, fileName, "w");

	struct Node* pMove = headNode->next;

	while (pMove) {
		if (fp == NULL) { return EOF; }
		fprintf_s(fp, "\n\t\t\t\t\t\t %s\t%s\t%s\t%hd\t%s", pMove->data.number, pMove->data.name, pMove->data.gender, pMove->data.age, pMove->data.tel);

		pMove = pMove->next;
	}

	if (fp == NULL) { return EOF; }
	fclose(fp);
	return 0;
}

//求链表长度
int LengthNode(struct Node* headNode) {

	int lenth = 0;
	struct Node* pMove = headNode->next;
	while (pMove) {
		lenth++;
		pMove = pMove->next;

	}
	return lenth;
}

//格式化模式!
void formattedLinkedList(struct Node* headNode) {
	struct Node* posNode ;

	if (headNode == NULL) {
		printf("\t\t\t\t\t\t该表为空\n");
	}
	else {
		while (headNode != NULL) {
			posNode = headNode->next;

			free(headNode);
			headNode = posNode;

		}
	}
}

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