Spring boot2X负载均衡和反向代理实现过程解析

这篇文章主要介绍了Spring boot2X负载均衡和反向代理实现过程解析,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细，对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友可以参考下

zuul 是netflix开源的一个API Gateway 服务器

所有从设备或网站来的请求都会经过Zuul到达后端的Netflix应用程序。

作为一个边界性质的应用程序，Zuul提供了动态路由、监控、弹性负载和安全功能。

实现反向代理

1.服务注册发现中心Consul

启动

consul agent -dev

2.服务端

provider和provider1

spring boot 版本 2.2.1.RELEASE

（1）添加依赖

<properties>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR3</spring-cloud.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  </dependencyManagement>

（2）配置

server.port=8010

spring.application.name=service-provider
spring.cloud.consul.host=localhost
spring.cloud.consul.port=8500
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.health-check-path=/actuator/health
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.service-name=${spring.application.name}
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.heartbeat.enabled=true

management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
management.endpoint.health.show-details=always

（3）测试方法

package com.xyz.provider.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class demoController {
  @RequestMapping("/hello")
  public String Hello(){
    return "hello,provider";
  }
}

（4）启动类

package com.xyz.provider;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProviderApplication {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(ProviderApplication.class, args);
  }
}

provide1的

server.port=8011

测试方法

package com.xyz.provider1.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class demoController {
  @RequestMapping("/hello")
  public String Hello(){
    return "hello,another provider";
  }

}

3.网关

• zuul
• Spring boot版本 2.1.8.RELEASE

上面用的Spring boot版本为 2.2.1.RELEASE

但是启动时遇到了报错，因此改成了这个版本

（1）添加依赖

<properties>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    <spring-cloud.version>Greenwich.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  </dependencyManagement>

（2）添加配置

server.port=8090

spring.application.name=service-zuul
spring.cloud.consul.host=localhost
spring.cloud.consul.port=8500
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.service-name=${spring.application.name}
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.instance-id=${spring.application.name}:${server.port}
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
management.endpoint.health.show-details=always

zuul.routes.api.path=/api/**
zuul.routes.api.serviceId=service-provider

（3）启动类

package com.xyz.zuul;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

@EnableZuulProxy
@SpringBootApplication
public class ZuulApplication {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(ZuulApplication.class, args);
  }
}

启动Consul

启动provider、provider1

启动 zuul

访问http://127.0.0.1:8090/api/hello

结果输出：

　　hello,provider和hello,another provider

结果交替出现的，负载均衡器采用的是轮询的方式

示例 https://gitee.com/babybeibeili/zuul_consul.git

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