详解Android中Notification的使用方法
在消息通知的时候,我们经常用到两个控件Notification和Toast。特别是重要的和需要长时间显示的信息,用Notification最合适不过了。他可以在顶部显示一个图标以标示有了新的通知,当我们拉下通知栏的时候,可以看到详细的通知内容。
最典型的应用就是未看短信和未接来电的显示,还有QQ微信,我们一看就知道有一个未接来电或者未看短信,收到QQ离线信息。同样,我们也可以自定义一个Notification来定义我们自己的程序想要传达的信息。
Notification我把他分为两种,一种是默认的显示方式,另一种是自定义的,今天为大家讲述默认的显示方式:
1、程序框架结构图如下
2、布局文件 main.xml 源码如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:gravity="center" android:textColor="#EEE" android:textStyle="bold" android:textSize="25sp" android:text="NotificationDemo实例" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnSend" android:text="send notification" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center"/> </LinearLayout>
3、MainActivity.java源码如下:
package com.andyidea.notification; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private Button btnSend; //定义BroadcastReceiver的action private static final String NotificationDemo_Action = "com.andyidea.notification.NotificationDemo_Action"; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); btnSend = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btnSend); btnSend.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setAction(NotificationDemo_Action); sendBroadcast(intent); } }); } }
4、布局文件 secondlayou.xml 源码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"> <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:gravity="center" android:textColor="#EEE" android:textStyle="bold" android:textSize="25sp" android:text="显示通知界面" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnCancel" android:text="cancel notification" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center" /> </LinearLayout>
5、SecondActivity.java源码如下:
package com.andyidea.notification; import android.app.Activity; import android.app.Notification; import android.app.NotificationManager; import android.app.PendingIntent; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; public class SecondActivity extends Activity { private Button btnCancel; //声明Notification private Notification notification; //声明NotificationManager private NotificationManager mNotification; //标识Notification的ID private static final int ID = 1; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.secondlayout); btnCancel = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btnCancel); //怎样获得NotificationManager的实例? String service = NOTIFICATION_SERVICE; mNotification = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(service); //获得Notification的实例 notification = new Notification(); //设置该图标 会在状态栏显示 int icon = notification.icon = android.R.drawable.stat_sys_phone_call; //设置提示信息 String tickerText = "Test Notification"; //设置显示时间 long when = System.currentTimeMillis(); notification.icon = icon; notification.tickerText = tickerText; notification.when = when; Intent intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class); PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent, 0); notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, "消息", "SMS Android", pi); mNotification.notify(ID, notification); btnCancel.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { mNotification.cancel(ID); //--->取消通知 } }); } }
6、NotificationReceiver.java源码如下:
package com.andyidea.notification; import com.andyidea.notification.SecondActivity; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; public class NotificationReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { //实例化Intent Intent i = new Intent(); //在新任务中启动Activity i.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK); //设置Intent启动的组件名称 i.setClass(context, SecondActivity.class); //启动Activity,显示通知 context.startActivity(i); } }
7、程序运行效果如下:
以上就是针对Android中Notification使用方法进行的详细介绍,希望对大家的学习有所启发,帮助大家更好地学习Android软件编程。
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