Spring注解开发@Bean和@ComponentScan使用案例
组件注册
用@Bean来注册
搭建好maven web工程
pom加入spring-context,spring-core等核心依赖
创建实例类com.hjj.bean.Person, 生成getter,setter方法
public class Person { private String name; private int age; }
创建com.hjj.config.MainConfig
@Configuration //告诉spring是一个配置类 public class MainConfig { // 给容器中注册一个Bean,类行为返回值的类型,id默认是用方法名作为id @Bean("mikePerson") public Person person(){ return new Person("mike",20); } }
主测试类
public class MainTest { public static void main(String[] args) { AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfig.class); Person bean = applicationContext.getBean(Person.class); System.out.println(bean); String[] beanNamesForType = applicationContext.getBeanNamesForType(Person.class); for (String type : beanNamesForType) { System.out.println(type); //配置类中的方法名,注意:通过修改配置类的@bean value也可以修改 } } }
@ComponentScan包扫描
配置类中MainConfig.java
@Configuration //告诉spring是一个配置类 @ComponentScan("com.hjj") // 扫描包的路径 public class MainConfig { // 给容器中注册一个Bean,类行为返回值的类型,id默认是用方法名作为id @Bean("mikePerson") public Person person(){ return new Person("mike",20); } }
新建测试的com.hjj.controller,service,dao
@Controller public class BookController { } @Repository public class BookDao { } @Service public class BookService { }
单元测试
@Test public void test01(){ AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfig.class); String[] beanDefinitionNames = applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames(); //获取所有组件 for (String beanDefinitionName : beanDefinitionNames) { System.out.println(beanDefinitionName); } }
ComponentScan字段,有includeFilter(),和excludeFilter() 只包含或排除某些组件
@ComponentScan(value = "com.hjj",excludeFilters={@Filter(type=FilterType.ANNOTATION,classes={Controller.class,Service.class})})
@ComponentScan(value = "com.hjj",includeFilters={@Filter(type=FilterType.ANNOTATION,classes={Controller.class,Service.class})},userDefaultFilters=false)// excludeFilter源码
ComponentScan.Filter[] excludeFilters() default {};
// ComponentScan.Filter源码 @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Target({}) public @interface Filter { FilterType type() default FilterType.ANNOTATION; @AliasFor("classes") Class<?>[] value() default {}; @AliasFor("value") Class<?>[] classes() default {}; String[] pattern() default {}; }
@ComponentScan被@Repeatable(ComponentScans.class),可以重复写,用来写不同的执行策略。
@ComponentScans 里面可以放ComponentScan类型的值
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) @Target({ElementType.TYPE}) @Documented public @interface ComponentScans { ComponentScan[] value(); }
FilterType
public enum FilterType { ANNOTATION, // 按注解扫描 ASSIGNABLE_TYPE, // 按给定的类型 ASPECTJ, // 可以用aspectJ表达式 REGEX, // 正则表达式 CUSTOM; // 自定义规则 private FilterType() { } }
ASSIGNABLE_TYPE
@ComponentScan(value = "com.hjj", includeFilters ={@ComponentScan.Filter(type=FilterType.ASSIGNABLE_TYPE,classes = {BookService.class})}) // config配置如上注解后 bookservice,可以被发现 @Test public void demoTest1(){ AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfig.class); String[] beanDefinitionNames = applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames(); for (String beanDefinitionName : beanDefinitionNames) { System.out.println(beanDefinitionName); } }
Custom 可以自定义配置或写业务扫描类的信息,match返回true则是加到组件
1.复写TypeFilter的match方法
public class MyTypeFilter implements TypeFilter { /** * * @param metadataReader 读取到的当前正在扫描的类的信息 * @param metadataReaderFactory 可以获取到其他任何类信息 * @return * @throws IOException */ @Override public boolean match(MetadataReader metadataReader, MetadataReaderFactory metadataReaderFactory) throws IOException { // 获取当前类注解的信息 AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata = metadataReader.getAnnotationMetadata(); // 获取当前正在扫描类的信息 ClassMetadata classMetadata = metadataReader.getClassMetadata(); // 获取当前类资源(类的路径等) Resource resource = metadataReader.getResource(); String className = classMetadata.getClassName(); System.out.println("className:" + className); return false; } }
2. 加上注解
@Configuration //告诉spring是一个配置类 @ComponentScan(value = "com.hjj", includeFilters ={ @ComponentScan.Filter(type=FilterType.CUSTOM,classes = {MyTypeFilter.class})}, useDefaultFilter=false) public class MainConfig { } @Test public void test01(){ AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfig.class); String[] beanDefinitionNames = applicationContext.getBeanDefinitionNames(); for (String beanDefinitionName : beanDefinitionNames) { System.out.println(beanDefinitionName); } }
结果
className:com.hjj.test.IOCTest className:com.hjj.MainTest className:com.hjj.bean.Person className:com.hjj.config.MyTypeFilter className:com.hjj.demo.DemoTest className:com.hjj.demo.Employee className:com.hjj.demo.Manager org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerProcessor org.springframework.context.event.internalEventListenerFactory mainConfig
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