Spring之WEB模块配置详解

Spring框架七大模块简单介绍

Spring中MVC模块代码详解

Spring的WEB模块用于整合Web框架，例如Struts1、Struts2、JSF等

整合Struts1

继承方式

Spring框架提供了ActionSupport类支持Struts1的Action。继承了ActionSupport后就能获取Spring的BeanFactory，从而获得各种Spring容器内的各种资源

import org.springframework.web.struts.ActionSupport; 

public class CatAction extends ActionSupport{
  public ICatService getCarService(){
    return (ICatService) getWebApplicationContext().getBean("catService");
  }
  public ActionForward execute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){
    CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;
    if("list".equals(catForm.getAction())){
     returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response);
    }
  } 

  public ActionForward list(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){
    CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;
    ICatService catService =getCatService();
    List<Cat> catList =catService.listCats();
    request.setAttribute("carList",catList); 

    return mapping.find("list");
  }
} 

Spring在web.xml中的配置

<context-param><!-- Spring配置文件的位置-->
  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param> 

<listener><!-- 使用Listener加载Spring配置文件-->
  <listener-class>
    org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
  </listener-class>
</listener> 

<filter><!-- 使用Spring自带的字符过滤器-->
  <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
  <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  <init-param>
    <param-name>encoding</param-name>
    <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
  </init-param>
  <init-param>
    <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
  </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping> 

如果与Hibernate结合使用，需要在web.xml中添加OpenSessionInViewFilter过滤器，将session范围扩大到JSP层，防止抛出延迟加载异常

<filter>
  <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name>
  <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support. OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
  <filter-name> hibernateFilter</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern><!-- 对Struts 1的Action启用-->
</filter-mapping> 

代理方式

继承方式融入Spring非常简单，但是缺点是代码与Spring发生了耦合，并且Action并没有交给Spring管理，因此不能使用Spring的AOP、IoC特性，使用代理方式则可以避免这些缺陷

public class CatAction extends Action{ //此处继承的Struts 1的Action
  private ICatService catService；
  //setter、getter略 

  public ActionForward execute(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){
    CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;
    if("list".equals(catForm.getAction())){
     returnthis.list(mapping,form,request,response);
    }
  } 

  public ActionForward list(ActionMappingmapping,ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponseresponse){
    CatForm catForm = (CatForm) form;
    ICatService catService =getCatService();
    List<Cat> catList =catService.listCats();
    request.setAttribute("carList",catList); 

    return mapping.find("list");
  }
} 

这个Action没有与Spring发生耦合，只是定义了一个ICatService属性，然后由Spring负责注入

struts-congfig.xml配置

<form-beans>
  <form-bean name="catForm" type="com.clf.spring.CatForm">
</form-beans> 

<action-mappings>
  <action name=" catForm" path="/cat" type="com.clf.spring.CatAction">
    <forward name="list" path="/jsp/listCat.jsp"></forward>
  </action>
</action-mappings> 

<!-- 最核心的配置，该配置把Struts的Action交给Spring代理-->
<controller processorClass="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor" /> 

<!-- controller配置生效后，Action的type属性就是去作用了，Struts不会用type属性指定的类来创建CatAction，而是到Spring配置中寻找，因此Spring中必须配置CatAction -->
<!-- Spring中配置Action使用的是name属性而不是id，Spring会截获"/cat.do"的请求，将catService通过setter方法注入到CatAction中，并调用execute()方法-->
<bean name="/cat" class=" com.clf.spring.CatAction">
  <property name="catService" ref="catService" />
</bean> 

web.xml的配置与上面的继承方式相同

使用代理方式的Action可以配置拦截器等Spring特性，例如给CatAction配置方法前拦截器和返回后拦截器

<bean id="catBeforeInterceptor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvodor">
  <property name="advice">
    <bean class="com.clf.spring.MethodBeforeInterceptor" />
  </property>
  <property name="mappedName" value="*"></property>
</bean> 

<bean id="catAfterInterceptor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvodor">
  <property name="advice">
    <bean class="com.clf.spring.MethodAfterInterceptor" />
  </property>
  <property name="mappedName" value="*"></property>
</bean> 

<bean name="/cat" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
  <property name="interceptorNames">
    <list>
     <value> catBeforeInterceptor</value>
     <value> catAfterInterceptor</value>
    </list>
  </property>
  <property name="target">
    <bean class="com.clf.spring.CatAction">
     <property name="catService" ref="catService"></property>
    </bean>
  </property>
</bean> 

整合Struts 2

Spring整合Struts 2需要struts2-spring-2.011.jar包

public class CatAction{
  private ICatService catService;
  private Cat cat;
  //setter、getter略 

  public String list(){
    catService.listCats();
    return ＂list＂;
  } 

  public String add(){
    catService.createCat(cat);
    return list();
  }
}

struts.xml配置

除了正常的配置之外，还需要<contstant/>添加名为struts.objectFactory的常量，把值设为spring，表示该Action由Spring产生。然后把<action/>的class属性改为catAction，Struts2将会到Spring中寻找名为catAction的bean

<constant name=" struts.objectFactory" value="spring" /> 

<packagenamepackagename="cat" extends="struts-default">
<action name="*_cat" method="{1}" class="catAction">
  <param name="action" >{1}</param>
  <result>/list.jsp</result>
  <result name="list">/list.jsp</result>
</action>
</package> 

Spring配置

<bean id="catAction" scope="prototype" class="com.clf.spring.CatAction">
  <property name="catService" ref="catService"></property>
</bean> 

web.xml配置

<context-param><!-- Spring配置文件的位置-->
  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param> 

<listener><!-- 使用Listener加载Spring配置文件-->
  <listener-class>
    org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
  </listener-class>
</listener> 

<filter>
  <filter-name>Struts2</filter-name>
  <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
  <filter-name> Struts2</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping> 

总结

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参考：

浅谈Springmvc中的页面跳转问题

Spring AOP入门Demo分享

Spring框架web项目实战全代码分享