Java发送form-data请求实现文件上传
如何使用Java发送form-data格式的请求上传multipart文件?,供大家参考,具体内容如下
封装了以下工具类:
package com.leeyaonan.clinkz.common.util; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; import java.util.*; import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService; import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.client.HttpRequestRetryHandler; import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig; import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase; import org.apache.http.config.Registry; import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder; import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustSelfSignedStrategy; import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType; import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode; import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder; import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody; import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients; import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager; import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder; import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils; /** * HttpUtils * * @author Rot * @date 2021/10/15 17:45 */ @Slf4j public class HttpUtils { /** * 从连接池中获取连接的超时时间--10s */ private static int connectionRequestTimeout = 10000; /** * 客户端和服务器建立连接的超时时间--握手连接时间--10s */ private static int connectTimeout = 60000; /** * 从对方服务接受响应流的时间 */ private static int socketTimeout = 60000; /** * 连接池最大连接数 */ private static int maxTotal = 800; /** * 每个主机的并发 */ private static int maxPerRoute = 20; private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = null; private static CloseableHttpClient httpClient; public static CloseableHttpClient getClient() { return httpClient; } static { log.info("初始化http connection 连接池 ..."); try { // 配置同时支持 HTTP 和 HTPPS SSLContextBuilder builder = new SSLContextBuilder(); builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy()); SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslConnectionSocketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(builder.build()); Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create().register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory()).register("https", sslConnectionSocketFactory).build(); connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("初始化http 连接池异常", e); connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(); } //连接池统一配置 connectionManager.setMaxTotal(maxTotal); connectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(maxPerRoute); RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).setConnectionRequestTimeout(connectionRequestTimeout).setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout).build(); //不做重试功能 HttpRequestRetryHandler retryHandler = new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler(0, false); httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(connectionManager).setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).setRetryHandler(retryHandler).build(); ScheduledExecutorService scheduledExecutorService = new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(1); scheduledExecutorService.scheduleWithFixedDelay(() -> { connectionManager.closeExpiredConnections(); connectionManager.closeIdleConnections(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS); log.info("回收过期的http连接完成 status:{}", connectionManager.getTotalStats()); }, 30, 120, TimeUnit.SECONDS); Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread(() -> { log.info("关闭 httpClient 连接"); try { if (httpClient != null) { httpClient.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { log.error("关闭 httpClient 异常", e); } })); } /** * post请求提交form-data上传文件 * * @param url * @param headers 请求头 * @return */ public static String doPostUploadFile(String url, Map<String, String> headers, File file) { HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); packageHeader(headers, httpPost); String fileName = file.getName(); CloseableHttpResponse response = null; String respContent = null; long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 设置请求头 boundary边界不可重复,重复会导致提交失败 String boundary = "-------------------------" + UUID.randomUUID().toString(); httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary); // 创建MultipartEntityBuilder MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create(); // 设置字符编码 builder.setCharset(StandardCharsets.UTF_8); // 模拟浏览器 builder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE); // 设置边界 builder.setBoundary(boundary); // 设置multipart/form-data流文件 builder.addPart("multipartFile", new FileBody(file)); // application/octet-stream代表不知道是什么格式的文件 builder.addBinaryBody("media", file, ContentType.create("application/octet-stream"), fileName); HttpEntity entity = builder.build(); httpPost.setEntity(entity); try { response = httpClient.execute(httpPost); if (response != null && response.getStatusLine() != null && response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() < 400) { HttpEntity he = response.getEntity(); if (he != null) { respContent = EntityUtils.toString(he, "UTF-8"); } } else { log.error("对方响应的状态码不在符合的范围内!"); throw new RuntimeException(); } return respContent; } catch (Exception e) { log.error("网络访问异常,请求url地址={},响应体={},error={}", url, response, e); throw new RuntimeException(); } finally { log.info("统一外网请求参数打印,post请求url地址={},响应={},耗时={}毫秒", url, respContent, (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime)); try { if (response != null) { response.close(); } } catch (IOException e) { log.error("请求链接释放异常", e); } } } /** * 封装请求头 * * @param paramsHeads * @param httpMethod */ private static void packageHeader(Map<String, String> paramsHeads, HttpRequestBase httpMethod) { if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(paramsHeads)) { Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> entrySet = paramsHeads.entrySet(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrySet) { httpMethod.setHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()); } } } }
maven依赖:
<!--http--> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId> <version>4.4.9</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> <version>4.5.13</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId> <version>4.5.12</version> </dependency>
核心部分:
// 设置请求头 boundary边界不可重复,重复会导致提交失败 String boundary = "-------------------------" + UUID.randomUUID().toString(); httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary); // 创建MultipartEntityBuilder MultipartEntityBuilder builder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create(); // 设置字符编码 builder.setCharset(StandardCharsets.UTF_8); // 模拟浏览器 builder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE); // 设置边界 builder.setBoundary(boundary); // 设置multipart/form-data流文件 builder.addPart("multipartFile", new FileBody(file)); // application/octet-stream代表不知道是什么格式的文件 builder.addBinaryBody("media", file, ContentType.create("application/octet-stream"), fileName); HttpEntity entity = builder.build(); httpPost.setEntity(entity);
注意:这里的builder.addPart("multipartFile", new FileBody(file));,multipartFile对应form表单的字段名称,如果接口更改了字段名称,这里也需要更改
比如我有一个接口是这样定义的:
@PostMapping("/xxx") public void test(@RequestParam(value = "abc") MultipartFile file) { ... }
那么使用上述工具请求该接口的时候,就需要将
builder.addPart("multipartFile", new FileBody(file));
改为
builder.addPart("abc", new FileBody(file));
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持我们。
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