详解spring batch的使用和定时器Quart的使用

spring Batch是一个基于Spring的企业级批处理框架，它通过配合定时器Quartz来轻易实现大批量的数据读取或插入，并且全程自动化，无需人员管理。

在使用spring batch之前，得对spring batch的流程有一个基本了解

每个batch它都包含了一个job，而一个job中却有可能包含多个step，整个batch中干活的是step，batch主要是用来对数据的操作，所以step就有三个操作数据的东西，一个是ItemReader用来读取数据的，一个是ItemProcessor用来处理数据的，一个是ItemWriter用来写数据（可以是文件也可以是插入sql语句），JobLauncher用来启动Job，JobRepository是上述处理提供的一种持久化机制，它为JobLauncher，Job，和Step实例提供CRUD操作。

pom.xml  三个batch的jar包

<dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-batch-core</artifactId>
     <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency> 

    <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-batch-infrastructure</artifactId>
     <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
<dependency> 

     <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-batch-test</artifactId>
     <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>  

batch.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:batch="http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/batch/spring-batch-2.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
  "> 

  <bean id="jobLauncher"
    class="org.springframework.batch.core.launch.support.SimpleJobLauncher">
    <property name="jobRepository" ref="jobRepository" />
  </bean> 

  <bean id="jobRepository"
    class="org.springframework.batch.core.repository.support.MapJobRepositoryFactoryBean">
    <property name="validateTransactionState" value="false" /> 

  </bean>
<!--一个job-->
    <batch:job id="writerteacherInterview">
        <batch:step id="teacherInterview">
          <batch:tasklet>
            <batch:chunk reader="jdbcItemReaderTeacherInterview" writer="teacherInterviewItemWriter"
              processor="teacherInterviewProcessor" commit-interval="10">
            </batch:chunk>
          </batch:tasklet>
        </batch:step>
      </batch:job> 

  <!--job的读取数据操作-->
  <bean id="jdbcItemReaderTeacherInterview"
    class="org.springframework.batch.item.database.JdbcCursorItemReader"
    scope="step">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="sql"
      value="select distinct teacherName ,count(teacherName) as num from examininterviewrecord  where pdate >'${detail_startime}' and pdate < '${detail_endtime}' GROUP BY teacherName " />
    <property name="rowMapper" ref="teacherInterviewMapper">
    </property>
  </bean> 

</beans> 

读取数据    teacherInterviewMapper

package com.yc.batch; 

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.yc.vo.TeacherInterviewdetail;
import com.yc.vo.TeacherWorkdetail;
import com.yc.vo.Workdetail;
@Component("teacherInterviewMapper")
public class TeacherInterviewMapper implements RowMapper {
  @Override
  public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {  

    TeacherInterviewdetail TId=new TeacherInterviewdetail();
    TId.setTeacherName(rs.getString("teacherName"));
     TId.setNum(rs.getInt("num"));
    return TId;
  }
}

处理数据  teacherInterviewProcessor ，这个处理数据方法，一般都是在这里在这里进行一些数据的加工，比如有些数据没有读到，你也可以在这个方法和后面那个写入数据的类里面写，所以就导致了这个类里面你可以什么都不敢，直接把数据抛到后面去，让后面的写数据类来处理；我这里就是处理数据的这个类什么都没写，但是最好还是按它的规则来！

package com.yc.batch; 

import org.hibernate.engine.transaction.jta.platform.internal.SynchronizationRegistryBasedSynchronizationStrategy;
import org.springframework.batch.item.ItemProcessor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; 

import com.yc.vo.TeacherInterviewdetail;
import com.yc.vo.TeacherWorkdetail;
import com.yc.vo.Workdetail; 

//业务层
@Component("teacherInterviewProcessor")
public class TeacherInterviewProcessor implements ItemProcessor<TeacherInterviewdetail, TeacherInterviewdetail> { 

  @Override
  public TeacherInterviewdetail process(TeacherInterviewdetail teacherInterviewdetail) throws Exception { 

    return teacherInterviewdetail;
  }
}

写数据 teacherInterviewItemWriter 这个类里面主要是把数据写进一个文件里，同时我这个类里面还有一些数据处理

package com.yc.batch; 

import java.io.InputStream; 

import java.text.NumberFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.batch.item.ItemWriter;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.yc.biz.ExamineeClassBiz;
import com.yc.biz.WorkBiz;
import com.yc.utils.CsvUtils;
import com.yc.vo.TeacherInterviewdetail;
import com.yc.vo.TeacherWorkdetail;
import com.yc.vo.Workdetail;
import net.sf.ehcache.util.PropertyUtil;
//写
@Component("teacherInterviewItemWriter")
public class TeacherInterviewItemWriter implements ItemWriter<TeacherInterviewdetail>{ 

  @Override
  public void write(List<? extends TeacherInterviewdetail> teacherInterviewdetails) throws Exception {
    Properties props = new Properties();
    InputStream in= PropertyUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("connectionConfig.properties");
    props.load(in);
    String time=props.getProperty("detail_time");
    CsvUtils cu=new CsvUtils();
     List<Object> works=new ArrayList<Object>();
     for(TeacherInterviewdetail t:teacherInterviewdetails){
       works.add(t);
     } 

    String path=this.getClass().getResource("/").getPath();
    path=path.substring(0,path.lastIndexOf("/"));
    path=path.substring(0,path.lastIndexOf("/"));
    path=path.substring(0,path.lastIndexOf("/"));
    path=path.substring(0,path.lastIndexOf("/"));
    cu.writeCsv(path+"/csv/teacherInterview_"+time+".csv",works );
  }
}

我这里有用到一个吧数据写进CSV文件的jar包

<dependency>
     <groupId>net.sourceforge.javacsv</groupId>
     <artifactId>javacsv</artifactId>
     <version>2.0</version>
    </dependency>

CsvUtils帮助类的写入CSV文件方法

/**
   * 写入CSV文件
   * @throws IOException
   */
  public void writeCsv(String path,List<Object> t) throws IOException{
    String csvFilePath = path;
    String filepath=path.substring(0,path.lastIndexOf("/"));
    File f=new File(filepath);
    if(!f.exists()){
      f.mkdirs();
    }
    File file=new File(path);
    if(!file.exists()){
      file.createNewFile();
    }
    CsvWriter wr =new CsvWriter(csvFilePath,',',Charset.forName("GBK"));
    try {
      for(Object obj:t){
        String[] contents=obj.toString().split(",");
        wr.writeRecord(contents);
      }
      wr.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }

就这样一个基本的batch流程就跑起来了，它通过从数据里读取一些数据，然后经过处理后，被存进服务器下的一个文件里面，之后像这种数据的读取就不需要去数据库里面查询了，而是可以直接通过读取CSV文件来处理这个业务。一般使用这个的都会配一个定时器，让它们每隔一段时间跑一次，从而获得较新的数据

下面是定时器的配置

定时器的配置非常简单，我是使用注解方式来配置的

定时器任务类

package com.yc.task.impl;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParametersInvalidException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobExecutionAlreadyRunningException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobInstanceAlreadyCompleteException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobRestartException;
import org.springframework.batch.item.ItemProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; 

import com.yc.batch.ClassBatch;
import com.yc.batch.MessageItemBatch;
import com.yc.batch.TeacherInterviewBatch;
import com.yc.batch.TearcherBatch;
import com.yc.po.Work;
import com.yc.task.WorkTask;
import com.yc.vo.Workdetail;
@Service
public class WorkTaskImpl implements WorkTask{ 

  @Autowired
  private TeacherInterviewBatch teacherInterviewBatch;//教师访谈记录
  public void setTeacherInterviewBatch(TeacherInterviewBatch teacherInterviewBatch) {
    this.teacherInterviewBatch = teacherInterviewBatch;
  } 

  @Scheduled(cron= "0 30 22 * * ?")  //每天晚上十点30执行一次 这个注解会让框架会自动把这个方法看成任务启动方法
  @Override
  public void task() {
    try {
      teacherInterviewBatch.test();//教师访谈
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    } 

  } 

}

定时器所真正要执行的方法

package com.yc.batch; 

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.apache.commons.jexl2.Main;
import org.springframework.batch.core.Job;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobExecution;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParameters;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParametersBuilder;
import org.springframework.batch.core.JobParametersInvalidException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.launch.JobLauncher;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobExecutionAlreadyRunningException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobInstanceAlreadyCompleteException;
import org.springframework.batch.core.repository.JobRestartException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 

@Component
public class TeacherInterviewBatch { 

  private Job job;
  private JobLauncher launcher; 

  @Resource(name="writerteacherInterview")
  public void setJob(Job job) {
    this.job = job;
  } 

  @Autowired
  public void setLauncher(JobLauncher launcher) {
    this.launcher = launcher;
  }

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