Spring boot 配置多个redis的方法示例

Spring Data提供其他项目，用来帮你使用各种各样的NoSQL技术，包括MongoDB, Neo4J, Elasticsearch, Solr, Redis,Gemfire, Couchbase和Cassandra。Spring Boot为Redis, MongoDB, Elasticsearch, Solr和Gemfire提供自动配置。你可以充分利用其他项目，但你需要自己配置它们。

单个 RedisTemplate 的配置

使用 spring-boot-starter-data-redis 配置一个 redis 是很简单的。

pom.xml 中该引入的依赖是要引入的，下面的是完整的 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

 <groupId>me.deweixu</groupId>
 <artifactId>muti-redis</artifactId>
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <packaging>jar</packaging>

 <name>muti-redis</name>
 <description>config mutiple redis host</description>

 <parent>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
  <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
 </parent>

 <properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
 </properties>

 <dependencies>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>

 <build>
  <plugins>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
   </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>
</project>

application.properties 文件增加相关的配置

spring.redis.host=localhost
spring.redis.port=6379

简单的配置就是这样的，还有一些有关连接池或其他的详细配置可以在 common-application-properties中参考，或者直接查看 RedisProperties 类。

这里使用 redis 的例子我就直接在主类中示例了。

package me.deweixu.mutiredis;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.BoundValueOperations;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
public class MutiRedisApplication implements CommandLineRunner {

 @Autowired
 StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

 @Override
 public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
  BoundValueOperations op = stringRedisTemplate.boundValueOps("PERSON");
  op.set("Deweixu");
 }

 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(MutiRedisApplication.class, args);
 }
}

直接运行起来，然后去 redis 查看结果：

$ redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
1) "PERSON"
127.0.0.1:6379> get PERSON
"Deweixu"
127.0.0.1:6379>

没问题的，顺利的把数据存入到了 redis 中。

自定义 RedisTemplate 的序列类

上面的实现其实有一个问题，就是 redis 的 key 和 value 只能是 String 类型的，是 redis-starter 默认实现了的一个 StringRedisTemplate。查看其源代码是这样的

 public StringRedisTemplate() {
  RedisSerializer<String> stringSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer();
  this.setKeySerializer(stringSerializer);
  this.setValueSerializer(stringSerializer);
  this.setHashKeySerializer(stringSerializer);
  this.setHashValueSerializer(stringSerializer);
 }

如果使用 StringRedisTemplate 存入一个对象是要报错的，我们修改一下代码试试：

 @Autowired
 StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;

 @Override
 public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
  BoundValueOperations op = stringRedisTemplate.boundValueOps("PERSON");
  op.set(new Person("Deiweixu", 22));
 }

 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(MutiRedisApplication.class, args);
 }

运行就报错如下：

Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: me.deweixu.mutiredis.MutiRedisApplication$Person cannot be cast to java.base/java.lang.String
    at org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer.serialize(StringRedisSerializer.java:35) ~[spring-data-redis-2.0.9.RELEASE.jar:2.0.9.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.data.redis.core.AbstractOperations.rawValue(AbstractOperations.java:126) ~[spring-data-redis-2.0.9.RELEASE.jar:2.0.9.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.data.redis.core.DefaultValueOperations.set(DefaultValueOperations.java:197) ~[spring-data-redis-2.0.9.RELEASE.jar:2.0.9.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.data.redis.core.DefaultBoundValueOperations.set(DefaultBoundValueOperations.java:110) ~[spring-data-redis-2.0.9.RELEASE.jar:2.0.9.RELEASE]
    at me.deweixu.mutiredis.MutiRedisApplication.run(MutiRedisApplication.java:19) [classes/:na]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.callRunner(SpringApplication.java:800) [spring-boot-2.0.4.RELEASE.jar:2.0.4.RELEASE]
    ... 5 common frames omitted

这样我们可以自己配置一下序列化类，这里我们把对象序列化为一个 json 存入到 redis 中

 @Bean
 JedisConnectionFactory jedisConnectionFactory() {
  return new JedisConnectionFactory();
 }

 @Bean
 RedisTemplate<String, Object> firstRedisTemplate() {
  RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
  ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
  om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
  om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
  om.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);
  GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer genericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer(om);
  redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
  redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(genericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
  redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
  redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(genericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
  redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(jedisConnectionFactory());
  return redisTemplate;
 }

 @Autowired
 RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;

 @Override
 public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
  BoundValueOperations<String, Object> op = redisTemplate.boundValueOps("PERSON");
  People people = new People();
  people.setAge(26);
  people.setName("Deweixu");
  op.set(people);
  People getPeople = (People) op.get();
  System.out.println(getPeople.getName() + "," + getPeople.getAge());
 }

上面使用了 Jedis 的配置和 GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer 类，所以 maven 要引入依赖

<dependency>
 <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
 <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
 <version>2.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
 <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
 <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
</dependency>

这样运行可以看到 redis 中变成这样了:

127.0.0.1:6379> get PERSON
"[\"me.deweixu.mutiredis.entity.People\",{\"name\":\"Deweixu\",\"age\":26}]"
127.0.0.1:6379>

配置另外一个 redisTemplate

 @Bean
 RedisTemplate<String, Object> secondRedisTemplate() {
  RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
  ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
  om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
  om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
  om.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);
  GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer genericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer(om);
  redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
  redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(genericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
  redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
  redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(genericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer);
  // 这里的 redis 信息也是可以写入配置文件，用 @Value 读入
  // 这里是单机的配置，看看源代码还可以配置集群和哨兵模式
  RedisStandaloneConfiguration configuration = new RedisStandaloneConfiguration("localhost", 6379);
  JedisConnectionFactory factory = new JedisConnectionFactory(configuration);
  redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(factory);
  return redisTemplate;
 }

注入 secondRedisTemplate 即可

 @Autowired
 RedisTemplate<String, Object> firstRedisTemplate;

 @Autowired
 RedisTemplate<String, Object> secondRedisTemplate;

 @Override
 public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
  BoundValueOperations<String, Object> op = firstRedisTemplate.boundValueOps("PERSON");
  People people = new People();
  people.setAge(26);
  people.setName("Deweixu");
  op.set(people);
  BoundValueOperations<String, Object> secondOp = secondRedisTemplate.boundValueOps("PERSON");
  People getPeople = (People) secondOp.get();
  System.out.println(getPeople.getName() + "," + getPeople.getAge());
 }

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