Android如何通过URI获取文件路径示例代码
前言
最近在工作的过程中,遇到不同 Android 版本下 URI 采用不同方式来获取文件路径的问题。
因为需求的原因,要求拍照上传或者从相册中选择图片上传,而且图片是需要经过压缩的,大小不能超过2M。
很快,拍照的这部分就搞定了。那么相册中选择图片的也是一样的道理,应该也是轻松解决了。
至于选择图片的代码,如下所示:
intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT); intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE); intent.setType("image/*"); startActivityForResult(intent, FILE_CHOOSER_RESULT_CODE);
之后就是在 onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data)
中获取到 URI 。
最关键的来了,如果通过 URI 来获取文件呢?
比如,现在 URI 为 content://media/extenral/images/media/17766 ,而我们需要得到对应的文件路径。
if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme())) { Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, new String[]{MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA}, null, null, null); if (cursor != null) { if (cursor.moveToFirst()) { int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA); if (columnIndex > -1) { path = cursor.getString(columnIndex); } } cursor.close(); } return path; }
原以为万事大吉,但是在 Android 4.4 及以上的手机上一试,发现根本不行。因为在 Android 4.4 及以上的手机上,获取到的 URI 变成了 content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image%3A235700 ,和之前我们预期的不是同一种类型。
这是因为在 Android 4.4 及以上的机型,使用了 DocumentUri 来代表获取到文件的 URI 。
所以我们又要对于 DocumentUri 进行适配。
if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme())) { if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) { if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) { // ExternalStorageProvider final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri); final String[] split = docId.split(":"); final String type = split[0]; if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) { path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1]; return path; } } else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) { // DownloadsProvider final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri); final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id)); path = getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null); return path; } else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) { // MediaProvider final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri); final String[] split = docId.split(":"); final String type = split[0]; Uri contentUri = null; if ("image".equals(type)) { contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI; } else if ("video".equals(type)) { contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI; } else if ("audio".equals(type)) { contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI; } final String selection = "_id=?"; final String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]}; path = getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs); return path; } } } private static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) { Cursor cursor = null; final String column = "_data"; final String[] projection = {column}; try { cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null); if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) { final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column); return cursor.getString(column_index); } } finally { if (cursor != null) cursor.close(); } return null; } private static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) { return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority()); } private static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) { return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority()); } private static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) { return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority()); }
好了,上面的代码还是容易看懂的。这下就解决了对于 Android 4.4 及以上的机型适配。顺便把以 file:// 开头的 URI 适配也补上:
if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals(uri.getScheme())) { path = uri.getPath(); return path; }
完美了,下面就贴出完整的 FileUtils 代码,拿去用吧:
public final class FileUtils { public static String getFilePathByUri(Context context, Uri uri) { String path = null; // 以 file:// 开头的 if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_FILE.equals(uri.getScheme())) { path = uri.getPath(); return path; } // 以 content:// 开头的,比如 content://media/extenral/images/media/17766 if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme()) && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) { Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, new String[]{MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA}, null, null, null); if (cursor != null) { if (cursor.moveToFirst()) { int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA); if (columnIndex > -1) { path = cursor.getString(columnIndex); } } cursor.close(); } return path; } // 4.4及之后的 是以 content:// 开头的,比如 content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image%3A235700 if (ContentResolver.SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(uri.getScheme()) && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) { if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) { if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) { // ExternalStorageProvider final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri); final String[] split = docId.split(":"); final String type = split[0]; if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) { path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1]; return path; } } else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) { // DownloadsProvider final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri); final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id)); path = getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null); return path; } else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) { // MediaProvider final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri); final String[] split = docId.split(":"); final String type = split[0]; Uri contentUri = null; if ("image".equals(type)) { contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI; } else if ("video".equals(type)) { contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI; } else if ("audio".equals(type)) { contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI; } final String selection = "_id=?"; final String[] selectionArgs = new String[]{split[1]}; path = getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs); return path; } } } return null; } private static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) { Cursor cursor = null; final String column = "_data"; final String[] projection = {column}; try { cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs, null); if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) { final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column); return cursor.getString(column_index); } } finally { if (cursor != null) cursor.close(); } return null; } private static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) { return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority()); } private static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) { return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority()); } private static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) { return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority()); } }
讲完了,讲完了。
总结
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