浅谈SpringMVC+Spring3+Hibernate4开发环境搭建

早期的项目比较简单，多是用JSP 、Servlet + JDBC 直接搞定，后来使用 Struts1(Struts2)+Spring+Hibernate, 严格按照分层概念驱动项目开发，这次又使用 Spring MVC取代Struts来进行开发。

MVC已经是现代Web开发中的一个很重要的部分，下面介绍一下SpringMVC+Spring3+Hibernate4的开发环境搭建

先大致看一下项目结构：

具体的代码不再演示，主要是走了一个很平常的路线，mvc-servcie-dao-hibernate的结构，源码可以下载，主要看一下配置文件。解释见注释

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
 <display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
 <welcome-file-list>
  <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
 </welcome-file-list> 

 <!-- 配置Spring -->
 <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath*:config/spring-*.xml</param-value>
 </context-param> 

 <listener>
   <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
 </listener> 

 <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
 <servlet>
  <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
  <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  <init-param>
   <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
   <param-value>classpath*:config/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
  </init-param>
  <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 </servlet> 

 <servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
  <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping> 

 <!-- 设置字符集 -->
 <filter>
  <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
  <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  <init-param>
   <param-name>encoding</param-name>
   <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
  </init-param>
  <init-param>
   <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
   <param-value>true</param-value>
  </init-param>
 </filter>
 <filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
 </filter-mapping> 

 <!-- 控制Session的开关 -->
 <filter>
    <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
 </filter> 

 <filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
 </filter-mapping> 

</web-app>

spring-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> 

  <!-- 注解扫描的包 -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.jialin" /> 

  <!-- 开启注解方案1 -->
  <!-- 注解方法处理 -->
  <!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"
    /> -->
  <!-- 注解类映射处理 -->
  <!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"></bean> --> 

  <!-- 开启注解方案2 -->
  <mvc:annotation-driven /> 

  <!-- 静态资源访问，方案1 -->
  <mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**" />
  <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" /> 

  <!-- 静态资源访问，方案2 -->
  <!-- <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> --> 

  <!-- 视图解释类 -->
  <bean id="viewResolver"
    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
    <!--可为空,方便实现自已的依据扩展名来选择视图解释类的逻辑 -->
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
  </bean> 

  <!-- 上传文件bean -->
  <!-- <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
    <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" /> <property name="maxUploadSize"
    value="10485760000" /> <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
    </bean> --> 

</beans>

spring-hibernate.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> 

  <!-- 配置数据源 -->
  <bean id="dataSource"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1/springmvc" />
    <property name="username" value="root" />
    <property name="password" value="123456" />
  </bean> 

  <!-- 配置hibernate SessionFactory-->
  <bean id="sessionFactory"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="hibernateProperties">
      <props>
        <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
        <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
        <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
        <prop key="hiberante.format_sql">true</prop>
      </props>
    </property>
    <property name="configLocations">
      <list>
        <value>
          classpath*:config/hibernate/hibernate.cfg.xml
        </value>
      </list>
    </property>
  </bean> 

  <!-- 事务管理器 -->
  <bean id="transactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
  </bean> 

  <!-- 事务代理类 -->
  <bean id="transactionBese"
    class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
    lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
    <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>
    <property name="transactionAttributes">
      <props>
        <prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
        <prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
        <prop key="insert*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
        <prop key="modify*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
        <prop key="delete*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
        <prop key="del*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
        <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_NEVER</prop>
      </props>
    </property>
  </bean> 

</beans>

spring-core.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> 

  <!-- 引入其他配置文件，可以为多个 -->
  <import resource="classpath*:config/spring/spring-user.xml"/> 

 </beans>

spring-user.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd" [
<!ENTITY contextInclude SYSTEM "org/springframework/web/context/WEB-INF/contextInclude.xml">
]> 

<beans>
  <!-- Spring Bean -->
  <bean id="userDao" class="com.jialin.dao.UserDao">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
  </bean> 

  <bean id="userManagerBase" class="com.jialin.service.UserManager">
    <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
  </bean> 

  <!-- parent为transactionBese，表示支持事务 -->
  <bean id="userManager" parent="transactionBese">
    <property name="target" ref="userManagerBase"></property>
  </bean> 

</beans>

hibernate.cfg.xml

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> 

<hibernate-configuration>
  <session-factory>
    <!-- 引入需要映射的类 -->
    <mapping class="com.jialin.entity.User"/>
  </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

下面再来看看Controller

package com.jialin.controller; 

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.List; 

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; 

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 

import com.jialin.entity.User;
import com.jialin.service.IUserManager; 

@Controller  //类似Struts的Action
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController { 

  @Resource(name="userManager") // 获取spring配置文件中bean的id为userManager的，并注入
  private IUserManager userManager; 

  @RequestMapping("/addUser")  // 请求url地址映射，类似Struts的action-mapping
  public String addUser(User user){
    if(userManager.addUser(user))
    {
      // 重定向
      return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";
    }else
    {
      return "/fail";
    } 

  } 

  @RequestMapping("/updateUser")
  public String updateUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request){
    if (userManager.updateUser(user))
    {
      user = userManager.getOneUser(user);
      request.setAttribute("user", user);
      return "/UserEdit";
    }else
    {
      return "/fail";
    } 

  } 

  @RequestMapping("/delUser")
  public void delUser(User user,HttpServletResponse response){
    String result = "{\"result\":\"error\"}"; 

    if(userManager.delUser(user)){
      result = "{\"result\":\"success\"}";
    }
    PrintWriter out = null;
    response.setContentType("application/json"); 

    try {
      out = response.getWriter();
      out.write(result);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    } 

  }
  @RequestMapping("/toAddUser")
  public String toAddUser(){
    return "/UserAdd";
  } 

  @RequestMapping("/toUpdateUser")
  public String toUpdateUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request){
    User user1=userManager.getOneUser(user); 

    request.setAttribute("user1", user1); 

    return "/UserEdit";
  } 

  @RequestMapping("/getAllUser")
  public String getAllUser(HttpServletRequest request){ 

    List userList=userManager.getAllUser(); 

    request.setAttribute("userlist", userList); 

    return "/UserMain";
  } 

}

源码下载……

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