C++ boost 时间与日期处理详细介绍

boost 时间与日期处理

导视：

#include <boost/timer.hpp>
#include <boost/progress.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <Windows.h> 

#include <boost/date_time/gregorian/gregorian.hpp>
#include <boost/date_time/posix_time/posix_time.hpp> 

using namespace std; 

int main()
{
  boost::timer t;
  std::cout<<"Max "<<t.elapsed_max()<<endl;
  std::cout<<"Min "<<t.elapsed_min()<<endl;
  std::cout<<"elapsed: "<<t.elapsed()<<endl;
  t.restart();
  Sleep(100);
  std::cout<<"elapsed: "<<t.elapsed()<<endl;
  cout<<"---------------------------"<<endl;
  stringstream ss;
  {
    boost::progress_timer t(ss);
    Sleep(300);
  }
  cout<<ss.str();
  cout<<"---------------------------"<<endl; 

  vector<string> v(100);
  //Do Data Fill......
  ofstream fs("c:\test.txt"); 

  boost::progress_display pd(v.size());
  vector<string>::iterator pos;
  for (pos = v.begin();pos != v.end();++pos)
  {
    fs<<*pos<<endl;
    Sleep(10);
    ++pd;
    //pd.restart(v.size());
    //pd+=(pos-v.begin() +1);
  }
  cout<<"---------------------------"<<endl; 

  {
    using namespace boost::gregorian;
    cout<<"----------------- date ------------------"<<endl;
    date d1;
    date d2(2013,4,7);
    date d3(2013,Apr,7);
    date d4(d2); 

    assert(d1 == date(not_a_date_time)); //默认初始化为无效日期
    assert(d2 == d4);
    assert(d3 == d2); 

    d1 = from_string("1999,9,9");
    date d5 (from_string("2008/8/8"));
    d3 = from_undelimited_string("20110111"); 

    cout<<day_clock::local_day()<<endl;
    cout<<day_clock::universal_day()<<endl; 

    date d6 (neg_infin);
    date d7(pos_infin);
    cout<<d6<<endl;
    cout<<d7<<endl; 

    cout<<"---------------------------"<<endl;
    date today (2013,4,17);
    assert(today.year() == 2013);
    assert(today.month() == 4);
    assert(today.day() == 17); 

    date::ymd_type ymd = today.year_month_day();
    assert(ymd.year == 2013);
    assert(ymd.month == 4);
    assert(ymd.day == 17); 

    assert(today.day_of_week() == 3); //星期几 周日为0
    cout<<today.day_of_year()<<endl;  //在一年中是第几天
    assert(today.end_of_month() == date(2013,4,30));  //当月的最后一天
    cout<<today.week_number()<<endl;  //当年的第几周 范围0~53 年初的半周归为上一年，即53
    assert(d6.is_infinity());      //日期为无限日期
    assert(d6.is_neg_infinity());
    cout<<"---------------------------"<<endl; 

    cout<<to_simple_string(today)<<endl;
    cout<<to_iso_string(today)<<endl;
    cout<<to_iso_extended_string(today)<<endl; //常用日期格式YYYY-MM-DD
    cout<<today<<endl; 

    cout<<"---------------------------"<<endl;
    tm t = to_tm(today);
    assert(t.tm_hour == 0 && t.tm_min == 0); 

    date new_today = date_from_tm(t);  //从tm转为date
    assert(new_today == today); 

    cout<<"-------------- days(date_duration) --------------"<<endl;
    days dd1(10),dd2(-20),dd3(365);
    assert(dd1>dd2 &&dd1<dd3);
    assert(dd1+dd2 == days(-10));
    assert((dd2+dd3).days() == 345);
    assert(dd3/5 == days(73)); 

    weeks w(3);   //3个星期
    assert(w.days() == 21); 

    months m(5);
    years y(2); 

    months m2 = y+m;
    assert(m2.number_of_months() == 29);
    assert((y*2).number_of_years() == 4); 

    cout<<"-------------- Calc --------------"<<endl;
    date dA(2000,1,1),dB(2008,8,8);
    cout<<dB-dA<<endl;   //3142天 

    dA+=days(10);
    assert(dA.day() == 11);
    dA+=months(2);
    assert(dA.month() ==3 && dA.day()== 11); 

    dA-=weeks(1);
    assert(dA.day() == 4); 

    dB-=years(7);
    assert(dA.year() == dB.year()-1); 

    //如果日期是月末的最后一天，加减月或年会得到月末的时间，而不是简单的月、年加1
    date sp(2013,3,30);
    sp-=months(1);
    assert(sp.month() == 2 && sp.day() == 28);
    sp -=months(1);
    assert(sp.month()== 1 && sp.day()== 31);
    sp+=months(2);
    assert(sp.day() == 31); //与原来的日期已经不相等！ 

    cout<<"-------------- date_period --------------"<<endl;
    date_period dp(date(2013,4,17),days(14));  //左开右闭与STL的容器相似
    assert(!dp.is_null());
    assert(dp.begin().day() == 17);
    assert(dp.last().day() == 30);
    assert(dp.end().day() == 1); 

    cout<<dp<<endl; 

    date_period new_dp = dp;
    new_dp.shift(days(3));   //将时间区间向后移动
    assert(new_dp.begin().day() == 20);
    assert(new_dp.length().days() == 14); 

    new_dp.expand(days(3));   //区间两段延长n天，即延长2n天。
    assert(new_dp.begin().day() == 17);
    assert(new_dp.length().days() == 20); 

    assert(dp.is_after(date(2013,1,1)));
    assert(dp.contains(date(2013,4,20))); 

    date_period dp2 (date(2013,4,17),days(5));
    assert(dp.contains(dp2)); 

    assert(dp.intersects(dp2));   //交集
    assert(dp.intersection(dp2) == dp2); 

    date_period dp3 (date(2013,5,1),days(5));
    assert(!dp3.intersects(dp));
    assert(dp3.intersection(dp2).is_null()); 

    assert(dp.is_adjacent(dp3)); 

    date_period dp4(date(2013,4,17),days(19)); //并集
    assert(dp.merge(dp3).is_null());  //无交集返回空
    assert(dp.span(dp3) == dp4);    //填充中间区域 

    cout<<"-------------- date_iterator --------------"<<endl;
    date last(2013,4,17); 

    day_iterator d_iter(last); //日期迭代器 

    assert(d_iter == last);
    ++d_iter;
    assert(d_iter == date(2013,4,18)); 

    year_iterator y_iter(*d_iter,3);  //增减步长为3
    assert(y_iter == last + days(1)); 

    ++y_iter;
    assert(y_iter->year() == 2016); 

    cout<<"-------------- func --------------"<<endl;
    cout<<(gregorian_calendar::is_leap_year(2000)? "Yes":"no")<<endl;  //闰年
    assert(gregorian_calendar::end_of_month_day(2013,2) == 28);   //月末天 

  } 

  {
    using namespace boost::posix_time;
    cout<<"-------------- time_duration --------------"<<endl;
    time_duration td(1,1,1);  //时、分、秒 会自动借、进位
    hours h0(1);
    minutes m(1);
    seconds s(1);
    millisec ms(1); 

    time_duration td2 = h0+m+s+ms;
    time_duration td3 = hours(2) + minutes(10);
    time_duration td4 = duration_from_string("1:10:10:300"); 

    assert(td4.hours() == 1 && td4.minutes() == 10 && td4.seconds() == 10);
    assert(td.total_seconds() == 1*3600 + 1*60 +1); //转为sec 

    hours h(-10);
    assert(h.is_negative()); 

    time_duration h2 = h.invert_sign(); //取反
    assert(!h2.is_negative() && h2.hours() == 10); 

    cout<<td3-td2<<endl;
    cout<<to_simple_string(td4)<<endl;
    cout<<to_iso_string(td4)<<endl; 

    cout<<"-------------- ptime --------------"<<endl;
    {
      using namespace boost::gregorian;
      ptime p(date(2013,4,17),hours(1)); //ptime相当于date+time_duration
      ptime p1 = time_from_string("2013-4-17 16:25:00");
      cout<<p<<endl;
      cout<<p1<<endl;
      ptime p2 = second_clock::local_time();     //常用时间输出
      ptime p3 = microsec_clock::universal_time();  //微秒精度
      cout<<p2<<endl<<p3<<endl; 

      ptime op(date(2013,4,17),hours(1)+minutes(30)); 

      date d = op.date();
      time_duration optd = op.time_of_day();
      assert(d.day() == 17 && d.month() == 4);
      assert(optd.hours() == 1 && optd.minutes() == 30);
      cout<<to_iso_extended_string(op)<<endl; 

      tm t = to_tm(op);  //不可逆，此处与date不同
                //只能用date_from_tm先得到日期，再填充时间。 

      cout<<"-------------- time_period --------------"<<endl;
      time_period tp1 (op,hours(8));
      time_period tp2(op+hours(8),hours(1));
      assert(tp1.end() == tp2.begin() && tp1.is_adjacent(tp2));
      assert(!tp1.intersects(tp2)); 

      tp1.shift(hours(1));
      assert(tp1.is_after(op));
      assert(tp1.intersects(tp2)); 

      tp2.expand(hours(10));
      assert(tp2.contains(op) && tp2.contains(tp1)); 

      cout<<"-------------- time_iterator --------------"<<endl;
      for (time_iterator t_iter(op,minutes(10));t_iter<op+hours(1);++t_iter)
      {
        cout<<*t_iter<<endl;
      }
      cout<<"-------------- formate --------------"<<endl;
      date_facet* dfacet = new date_facet("%Y 年%m 月%d 日");
      cout.imbue(locale(cout.getloc(),dfacet));
      cout<<date(2013,4,17)<<endl; 

      time_facet* tfacet = new time_facet("%Y 年%m 月%d 日 %H点%M分%S%F秒");
      cout.imbue(locale(cout.getloc(),tfacet));
      cout<<op<<endl;
    }
  } 

  getchar();
  return 0;
} 

运行结果：

Max 2.14748e+006
Min 0.001
elapsed: 0.001
elapsed: 0.1
---------------------------
0.30 s
---------------------------
0% 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100%
|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|
***************************************************
---------------------------
----------------- date ------------------
2013-Apr-17
2013-Apr-17
-infinity
+infinity
---------------------------
107
16
---------------------------
2013-Apr-17
20130417
2013-04-17
2013-Apr-17
---------------------------
-------------- days(date_duration) --------------
-------------- Calc --------------
3142
-------------- date_period --------------
[2013-Apr-17/2013-Apr-30]
-------------- date_iterator --------------
-------------- func --------------
Yes
-------------- time_duration --------------
01:08:58.999000
01:10:10.300000
011010.300000
-------------- ptime --------------
2013-Apr-17 01:00:00
2013-Apr-17 16:25:00
2013-Apr-17 17:19:21
2013-Apr-17 09:19:21.870604
2013-04-17T01:30:00
-------------- time_period --------------
-------------- time_iterator --------------
2013-Apr-17 01:30:00
2013-Apr-17 01:40:00
2013-Apr-17 01:50:00
2013-Apr-17 02:00:00
2013-Apr-17 02:10:00
2013-Apr-17 02:20:00
-------------- formate --------------
2013 年04 月17 日
2013 年04 月17 日 01点30分00秒 

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