django框架两个使用模板实例
本文实例讲述了django框架使用模板。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
models.py:
from django.db import models # Create your models here. class Book(models.Model): title=models.CharField(max_length=32,unique=True) price=models.DecimalField(max_digits=8,decimal_places=2,null=True) pub_date=models.DateField() publish=models.CharField(max_length=32) is_pub=models.BooleanField(default=True) authors=models.ManyToManyField(to="Author") class AuthorDetail(models.Model): gf=models.CharField(max_length=32) tel=models.CharField(max_length=32) class Author(models.Model): name=models.CharField(max_length=32) age=models.IntegerField() # 与AuthorDetail建立一对一的关系 # ad=models.ForeignKey(to="AuthorDetail",to_field="id",on_delete=models.CASCADE,unique=True) #OneToOneField 表示创建一对一关系。on_delete=models.CASCADE 表示级联删除。假设a表删除了一条记录,b表也还会删除对应的记录 ad=models.OneToOneField(to="AuthorDetail",to_field="id",on_delete=models.CASCADE,)
urls.py:
from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), # url(r'',views.index),#这一条不能放上面,会造成死循环 url(r'index/$',views.index), url(r'books/add/$',views.add), url(r'books/manage/',views.manage), url(r'books/delete/(?P<id>\d+)',views.delete), url(r'books/modify/(?P<id>\d+)',views.modify), ]
views.py:
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse from app01 import models # Create your views here. def index(request): ret=models.Book.objects.all().exists()#True 和 False if ret: book_list=models.Book.objects.all() return render(request,'index.html',{'book_list':book_list}) else: # hint='<script>alert("没有书籍,请添加书籍");window.location.href="/books/add" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>' hint='<script>alert("没有书籍,请添加书籍");window.location.href="/books/add/" rel="external nofollow" </script>' return HttpResponse(hint) def add(request): if request.method=="POST": title=request.POST.get("title") price=request.POST.get("price") pub_date=request.POST.get("pub_date") publish=request.POST.get("publish") is_pub=request.POST.get("is_pub") #插入一条记录 obj=models.Book.objects.create(title=title,price=price,publish=publish,pub_date=pub_date,is_pub=is_pub) print(obj.title) hint = '<script>alert("添加成功");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>' return HttpResponse(hint) return render(request,"add.html") def manage(request): ret=models.Book.objects.all().exists() print(ret) if ret: book_list=models.Book.objects.all() return render(request,"manage.html",{"book_list":book_list}) else: hint='<script>alert("没有书籍,请添加书籍");window.location.href="/books/add" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>' return HttpResponse(hint) def delete(request,id): ret=models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).delete() print('删除记录%s'%ret) if ret[0]: hint='<script>alert("删除成功");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>' return HttpResponse(hint) else: hint='<script>alert("删除失败");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>' return HttpResponse(hint) def modify(request,id): if request.method=="POST": title=request.POST.get('title') price = request.POST.get("price") pub_date = request.POST.get("pub_date") publish = request.POST.get("publish") is_pub = request.POST.get("is_pub") # 更新一条记录 ret = models.Book.objects.filter(id=id).update(title=title, price=price, publish=publish, pub_date=pub_date, is_pub=is_pub) print('更新记录%s'%ret) if ret: # 判断返回值为1 hint = '<script>alert("修改成功");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>' return HttpResponse(hint) # js跳转 else: # 返回为0 hint = '<script>alert("修改失败");window.location.href="/index/" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" </script>' return HttpResponse(hint) # js跳转 book=models.Book.objects.get(id=id) return render(request,"modify.html",{"book":book})
index.html:
{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block title %} <title>查看书籍</title> {% endblock title %} {% block content %} <h3>查看书籍</h3> <table class="table table-hover table-striped "> <thead> <tr> <th>名称</th> <th>价格</th> <th>出版日期</th> <th>出版社</th> <th>是否出版</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> {% for book in book_list %} <tr> <td>{{ book.title }}</td> <td>{{ book.price }}</td> <td>{{ book.pub_date|date:"Y-m-d" }}</td> <td>{{ book.publish }}</td> <td> {% if book.is_pub %} 已出版 {% else %} 未出版 {% endif %} </td> </tr> {% endfor %} </tbody> </table> {% endblock content %}
add.html:
{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block title %} <title>添加书籍</title> {% endblock title %} {% block content %} <h3>添加书籍</h3> <form action="" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} <div class="form-group"> <label for="">书籍名称</label> <input type="text" name="title" class="form-control"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="">价格</label> <input type="text" name="price" class="form-control"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="">出版日期</label> <input type="date" name="pub_date" class="form-control"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="">出版社</label> <input type="text" name="publish" class="form-control"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="">是否出版</label> <select name="is_pub" id="" class="form-control"> <option value="1">已出版</option> <option value="0" selected="selected">未出版</option> </select> </div> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-success pull-right" value="添加"> </form> {% endblock content %}
base.html:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> {% block title %} <title>Title</title> {% endblock title %} <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" > <style> * { margin: 0; padding: 0; } .header { width: 100%; height: 60px; background-color: #369; } .title { line-height: 60px; color: white; font-weight: 100; margin-left: 20px; font-size: 20px; } .container{ margin-top: 20px; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="header"> <p class="title"> 书籍操作 </p> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-3"> <div class="panel panel-danger"> <div class="panel-heading"><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/index/" rel="external nofollow" >查看书籍</a></div> <div class="panel-body"> Panel content </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-success"> <div class="panel-heading"><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/books/add/" rel="external nofollow" >添加书籍</a></div> <div class="panel-body"> Panel content </div> </div> <div class="panel panel-warning"> <div class="panel-heading"><a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/books/manage/" rel="external nofollow" >管理书籍</a></div> <div class="panel-body"> Panel content </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-9"> {% block content %} {% endblock content %} </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
manage.py:
{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block title %} <title>管理书籍</title> {% endblock title %} {% block content %} <h3>管理书籍</h3> <table class="table table-hover table-striped "> <thead> <tr> <th>名称</th> <th>价格</th> <th>出版日期</th> <th>出版社</th> <th>是否出版</th> <th>删除</th> <th>编辑</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> {% for book in book_list %} <tr> <td>{{ book.title }}</td> <td>{{ book.price }}</td> <td>{{ book.pub_date|date:"Y-m-d" }}</td> <td>{{ book.publish }}</td> <td> {% if book.is_pub %} 已出版 {% else %} 未出版 {% endif %} </td> <td> <a href="/books/delete/{{ book.id }}" rel="external nofollow" > <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-toggle="modal" id="modelBtn">删除</button> </a> </td> <td> <a href="/books/modify/{{ book.id }}" rel="external nofollow" > <button type="button" class="btn btn-success" data-toggle="modal">编辑</button> </a> </td> </tr> {% endfor %} </tbody> </table> {% endblock content %}
modify.py:
{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block title %} <title>修改书籍</title> {% endblock title %} {% block content %} <h3>修改书籍</h3> <form action="" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} <div class="form-group"> <label for="">书籍名称</label> <input type="text" name="title" class="form-control" value="{{ book.title }}"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="">价格</label> <input type="text" name="price" class="form-control" value="{{ book.price }}"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="">出版日期</label> <input type="date" name="pub_date" class="form-control" value="{{ book.pub_date|date:"Y-m-d" }}"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="">出版社</label> <input type="text" name="publish" class="form-control" value="{{ book.publish }}"> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="">是否出版</label> <select name="is_pub" id="" class="form-control"> {% if book.is_pub %} <option value="1" selected="selected">已出版</option> <option value="0">未出版</option> {% else %} <option value="1">已出版</option> <option value="0" selected="selected">未出版</option> {% endif %} </select> </div> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right" value="修改"> </form> {% endblock content %}
django使用一对多和多对多关系建表之后的增删改查
-------models.py-----
from django.db import models # Create your models here. class Book(models.Model): title=models.CharField(max_length=32) price=models.DecimalField(max_digits=6,decimal_places=2) create_time=models.DateField() memo=models.CharField(max_length=32,default="") publish=models.ForeignKey(to="Publish",default=1) author=models.ManyToManyField("Author")#on_delete=models.CASCADE()默认级联删除 def __str__(self): return self.title class Publish(models.Model): name=models.CharField(max_length=32) email=models.CharField(max_length=32) class Author(models.Model): name=models.CharField(max_length=32) def __str__(self): return self.name
-----urls.py----
from django.conf.urls import url,include from django.contrib import admin from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^books/$',views.books), #查看 url(r'^addbook/$',views.addbook), #增加 url(r'^delbook/(\d+)/$',views.delbook), #删除 url(r'editbook/(\d+)/$',views.editbook), #修改 ]
----views.py 在app01下面-------
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect from .models import * def books(request): book_list=Book.objects.all() return render(request,"books.html",locals()) def addbook(request): if request.method=="POST": title=request.POST.get("title") #get方法取的是html页面中的name属性 price= request.POST.get("price") date = request.POST.get("date") publish_id=request.POST.get("publish_id") # author_id_list = request.POST.get("author_id_list") #此方法只能取到最后一个值 author_id_list = request.POST.getlist("author_id_list") #有多个值的注意要用getlist #绑定书籍与出版社一对多的关系 obj=Book.objects.create(title=title,price=price,create_time=date,publish_id=publish_id) #绑定书籍与作者多对多的关系 obj.author.add(*author_id_list) # obj.author.remove(1,2) #解除关系 # obj.author.clear() #清空所有关系 return redirect("/books/") else: publish_list=Publish.objects.all() author_list=Author.objects.all() return render(request,"addbook.html",locals()) def delbook(request,id): Book.objects.filter(id=id).delete() return redirect("/books/") def editbook(request,id): if request.method=="POST": title=request.POST.get("title") #get方法取的是html页面中的name属性 price=request.POST.get("price") date=request.POST.get("date") publish_id=request.POST.get("publish_id") author_id_list=request.POST.getlist("author_id_list") Book.objects.filter(id=id).update(title=title,price=price,create_time=date,publish_id=publish_id) book=Book.objects.filter(id=id).first() # book.author.clear() # book.author.add(*author_id_list) book.author.set(author_id_list) #相当于上面两条 return redirect ("/books/") edit_obj=Book.objects.filter(id=id).first() #加first从queryset得到 models对象 publish_list = Publish.objects.all() author_list = Author.objects.all() return render(request,"editbook.html",locals())
----books.html----
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" > </head> <body> <div class="container" style="margin-top:100px"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3"> <a href="/addbook/" rel="external nofollow" ><button class="btn btn-primary">添加数据</button></a> <table class="table table-bordered table-striped"> <thead> <tr> <th>序号</th> <th>书名</th> <th>价格</th> <th>出版时间</th> <th>出版社</th> <th>作者</th> <th>操作</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> {% for book in book_list %} <tr> <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> <td>{{ book.title }}</td> <td>{{ book.price }}</td> <td>{{ book.create_time|date:"Y-m-d" }}</td> <td>{{ book.publish.name }}</td> <td> {% for author in book.author.all %} {{ author.name }} {% if not forloop.last %} , {% endif %} {% endfor %} </td> <td> <a href="/delbook/{{ book.pk }}/" rel="external nofollow" >删除</a> <a href="/editbook/{{ book.pk }}/" rel="external nofollow" >编辑</a> </td> </tr> {% endfor %} </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
-----addbook.html-----
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" > </head> <body> <div class="container" style="margin-top:100px"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3"> <form action="/addbook/" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} <p>书籍名称<input type="text" name="title"></p> <p>书籍价格<input type="text" name="price"></p> <p>出版日期<input type="text" name="date"></p> <p><select name="publish_id" id=""> {% for publish in publish_list %} <option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option> {% endfor %} </select> </p> <p><select name="author_id_list" id="" multiple> {% for author in author_list %} <option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option> {% endfor %} </select> </p> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default"> </form> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
-------editbook.html-----
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bs/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" > </head> <body> <div class="container" style="margin-top:100px"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3"> <form action="/editbook/{{ edit_obj.id }}/" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} <p>书籍名称<input type="text" name="title" value="{{ edit_obj.title }}"></p> <p>书籍价格<input type="text" name="price" value="{{ edit_obj.price }}"></p> <p>出版日期<input type="text" name="date" value="{{ edit_obj.create_time|date:"Y-m-d" }}"></p> <p><select name="publish_id" id=""> {% for publish in publish_list %} {% if edit_obj.publish == publish %} <option selected value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option> {% else %} <option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option> {% endif %} {% endfor %} </select> </p> <p><select name="author_id_list" id="" multiple> {% for author in author_list %} {% if author in edit_obj.author.all %} <option selected value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option> {% else %} <option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option> {% endif %} {% endfor %} </select> </p> <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default"> </form> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
希望本文所述对大家基于Django框架的Python程序设计有所帮助。
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