SpringMVC 通过commons-fileupload实现文件上传功能

配置

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/jakartaee/web-app_5_0.xsd"
   version="5.0">
 <!--注册DispatcherServlet-->
 <servlet>
  <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
  <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  <init-param>
   <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
   <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </init-param>
  <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
 </servlet>
 <servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
  <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

SpringMVC配置文件 applicationContext.xml

上传文件的核心配置类：CommonsMultipartResolver，注意id="multipartResolver"不要写错

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
  https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

 <!--配置自动扫描controller包-->
 <context:component-scan base-package="com.pro.controller"/>
 <!--配置静态资源过滤-->
 <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
 <!--配置注解驱动-->
 <mvc:annotation-driven/>

 <!--配置视图解析器-->
 <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
  <!--前缀-->
  <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
  <!--后缀-->
  <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
 </bean>

 <!--SpringMVC文件上传配置-->
 <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
  <!--设置请求的编码格式, 必须和pageEncoding的属性一致, 以便正确读取表单的值, 默认为ISO-8859-1-->
  <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
  <!--上传文件的大小限制, 单位为字节 (10485760 = 10M)-->
  <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
  <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
 </bean>
</beans>

文件上传 Controller

上传实现一

package com.pro.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@RestController
public class FileController {
  /*
   * 采用file.transferTo 来保存上传的文件
   */
  @RequestMapping("/upload2")
  public Map fileUpload2(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {

    //上传路径保存设置
    String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
    File realPath = new File(path);
    if (!realPath.exists()){
      realPath.mkdir();
    }
    //上传文件地址
    System.out.println("上传文件保存地址 --> "+realPath);

    //通过CommonsMultipartFile的方法直接写文件（注意这个时候）
    file.transferTo(new File(realPath +"/"+ file.getOriginalFilename()));

    Map<Object, Object> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
    hashMap.put("code", 0);
    hashMap.put("msg", "上传成功");

    return hashMap;
  }
}

上传实现二

这里的文件名称没有使用 UUID组合名称 为了方便测试

package com.pro.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@RestController
public class FileController {

  // @RequestParam("file") 将 name=file 控件得到的文件封装成 CommonsMultipartFile 对象
  // 批量上传把 CommonsMultipartFile 改为数组即可
  @RequestMapping("/upload")
  public String upload(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
    // 获取文件名称
    String uploadFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();

    // 如果文件名为空, 直接返回首页
    if ("".equals(uploadFileName)) {
      return "file upload error";
    }

    System.out.println("上传文件名 --> " + uploadFileName);

    // 设置文件的保存位置
    String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
    // 判断路径是否存在
    File realPath = new File(path);
    if (!realPath.exists()) {
      // 如果不存在就创建
      realPath.mkdir();
    }

    System.out.println("文件保存路径 --> " + realPath);

    // 获取文件输入流
    InputStream is = file.getInputStream();
    // 获取文件输出流
    FileOutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath, uploadFileName));

    // 缓冲区读写文件
    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
    int len;
    while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
      os.write(buffer, 0, len);
      os.flush();
    }

    // 关闭流
    os.close();
    is.close();

    return "file upload success";
  }
}

测试

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
 <head>
  <title>$Title$</title>
 </head>
 <body>
  <form enctype="multipart/form-data" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload2" method="post">
   <input type="file" name="file">
   <input type="submit" value="上传实现一">
  </form>

  <form enctype="multipart/form-data" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload" method="post">
   <input type="file" name="file">
   <input type="submit" value="上传实现二">
  </form>
 </body>
</html>

依赖

核心依赖就是 commons-fileupload

<!--导入依赖-->
<dependencies>
  <!--单元测试-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.13</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--spring-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--文件上传-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.3</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--servlet-api导入高版本的-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>4.0.1</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--jsp-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <!--jstl表达式-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

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