php_imagick实现图片剪切、旋转、锐化、减色或增加特效的方法

本文实例讲述了php_imagick实现图片剪切、旋转、锐化、减色或增加特效的方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下：

一个可以供PHP调用ImageMagick功能的PHP扩展。使用这个扩展可以使PHP具备和ImageMagick相同的功能。

ImageMagick是一套功能强大、稳定而且免费的工具集和开发包，可以用来读、写和处理超过185种基本格式的图片文件，包括流行的TIFF, JPEG, GIF, PNG, PDF以及PhotoCD等格式。利用ImageMagick，你可以根据web应用程序的需要动态生成图片, 还可以对一个（或一组）图片进行改变大小、旋转、锐化、减色或增加特效等操作，并将操作的结果以相同格式或其它格式保存。

php_imagick是PHP对图片处理的一个扩展包，可以完成对图片改变大小、旋转、锐化、减色或增加特效等操作。

一、windows下安装Imagick扩展：

1、下载 ImageMagick并安装

http://image_magick.veidrodis.com/image_magick/binaries/ImageMagick-6.6.2-10-Q16-windows-dll.exe

2、下载php_imagick.dll

http://valokuva.org/outside-blog-content/imagick-windows-builds/php53/imagick-2.3.0-dev/vc9_nts/php_imagick.dll

如果你用的是线程安全的php，请下载

http://valokuva.org/outside-blog-content/imagick- windows-builds/php53/imagick-2.3.0-dev/vc9_zts/php_imagick.dll

3、设置

在php.ini中添加

extension=php_imagick.dll ，重启web server

二、linux下安装Imagick扩展：

1.yum安装ImageMagick

yum install ImageMagick ImageMagick-devel

2.测试是否安装成功

convert -version

3.安装imagick扩展
 
01.wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.1.0RC2.tgz02.tar xzvf imagick-3.1.0RC2.tgz03.cd imagick-3.1.0RC204.phpize05../configure06.make07.make install

4.编辑php.ini文件，在文件末尾添加如下代码

extension=imagick.so

5. 重新启动apache服务器

service httpd restart

三、案例

1. 边框处理

代码如下:

header('Content-type: image/jpeg'); 
$image = new Imagick('test.jpg'); 
$color=new ImagickPixel(); 
$color->setColor("rgb(220,220,220)"); 
$image->borderImage($color,5,4); 
$image->blurImage(5,5,imagick::CHANNEL_GREEN); 
echo $image;

我们先来看个简单的实例

php_imagick程序示例

1.创建一个缩略图并显示出来


代码如下:

<?php 
header('Content-type: image/jpeg'); 
$image = new Imagick('image.jpg'); 
// If 0 is provided as a width or height parameter,// aspect ratio is maintained 
$image->thumbnailImage(100, 0); 
echo $image; 
?>

2.创建一个目录下的缩略图，并保存


代码如下:

<?php 
$images = new Imagick(glob('images/*.JPG')); 
foreach($images as $image) { 
// Providing 0 forces thumbnailImage to maintain aspect ratio  
$image->thumbnailImage(1024,0); 
} 
$images->writeImages(); 
?>

3.缩略GIF动画图片


代码如下:

<?php 
/* Create a new imagick object and read in GIF */
$im = new Imagick("example.gif"); 
/* Resize all frames */
foreach ($im as $frame) { 
/* 50x50 frames */
$frame->thumbnailImage(50, 50); 
/* Set the virtual canvas to correct size */
$frame->setImagePage(50, 50, 0, 0); 
}/* Notice writeImages instead of writeImage */
$im->writeImages("example_small.gif", true); 
?>

现在我们进入正题吧，

示例：

裁切/生成缩略图/添加水印, 自动检测和处理 GIF

调用方式:

代码如下:

include 'imagick.class.php'; 
$image = new lib_image_imagick(); 
$image->open('a.gif'); 
$image->resize_to(100, 100, 'scale_fill'); 
$image->add_text('1024i.com', 10, 20); 
$image->add_watermark('1024i.gif', 10, 50); 
$image->save_to('x.gif');
imagick.class.php

<?php 
class lib_image_imagick 
{ 
 private $image = null; 
 private $type = null; 
 // 构造函数 
 public function __construct(){} 
 
 // 析构函数 
 public function __destruct() 
 { 
     if($this->image!==null) $this->image->destroy();  
 } 
 // 载入图像 
 public function open($path) 
 { 
  $this->image = new Imagick( $path ); 
  if($this->image) 
  { 
      $this->type = strtolower($this->image->getImageFormat()); 
  } 
  return $this->image; 
 } 
  
 public function crop($x=0, $y=0, $width=null, $height=null) 
 { 
     if($width==null) $width = $this->image->getImageWidth()-$x; 
     if($height==null) $height = $this->image->getImageHeight()-$y; 
     if($width<=0 || $height<=0) return; 
      
     if($this->type=='gif') 
     { 
            $image = $this->image; 
         $canvas = new Imagick(); 
          
         $images = $image->coalesceImages(); 
         foreach($images as $frame){ 
             $img = new Imagick(); 
             $img->readImageBlob($frame); 
                $img->cropImage($width, $height, $x, $y); 
                $canvas->addImage( $img ); 
                $canvas->setImageDelay( $img->getImageDelay() ); 
                $canvas->setImagePage($width, $height, 0, 0); 
            } 
             
            $image->destroy(); 
         $this->image = $canvas; 
     } 
     else
     { 
         $this->image->cropImage($width, $height, $x, $y); 
     } 
 } 
 /*
 * 更改图像大小 
 $fit: 适应大小方式 
 'force': 把图片强制变形成 $width X $height 大小 
 'scale': 按比例在安全框 $width X $height 内缩放图片, 输出缩放后图像大小 不完全等于 $width X $height 
 'scale_fill': 按比例在安全框 $width X $height 内缩放图片，安全框内没有像素的地方填充色, 使用此参数时可设置背景填充色 $bg_color = array(255,255,255)(红,绿,蓝, 透明度) 透明度(0不透明-127完全透明)) 
 其它: 智能模能 缩放图像并载取图像的中间部分 $width X $height 像素大小 
 $fit = 'force','scale','scale_fill' 时： 输出完整图像 
 $fit = 图像方位值 时, 输出指定位置部分图像  
 字母与图像的对应关系如下: 
  
 north_west   north   north_east 
  
 west         center        east 
  
 south_west   south   south_east 
  
 */
 public function resize_to($width = 100, $height = 100, $fit = 'center', $fill_color = array(255,255,255,0) ) 
 { 
      
     switch($fit) 
     { 
         case 'force': 
             if($this->type=='gif') 
             { 
                 $image = $this->image; 
                 $canvas = new Imagick(); 
                  
                 $images = $image->coalesceImages(); 
                 foreach($images as $frame){ 
                     $img = new Imagick(); 
                     $img->readImageBlob($frame); 
                        $img->thumbnailImage( $width, $height, false ); 
                        $canvas->addImage( $img ); 
                        $canvas->setImageDelay( $img->getImageDelay() ); 
                    } 
                    $image->destroy(); 
                 $this->image = $canvas; 
             } 
             else
             { 
                 $this->image->thumbnailImage( $width, $height, false ); 
             } 
             break; 
         case 'scale': 
             if($this->type=='gif') 
             { 
                 $image = $this->image; 
                 $images = $image->coalesceImages(); 
                 $canvas = new Imagick(); 
                 foreach($images as $frame){ 
                     $img = new Imagick(); 
                     $img->readImageBlob($frame); 
                        $img->thumbnailImage( $width, $height, true ); 
                        $canvas->addImage( $img ); 
                        $canvas->setImageDelay( $img->getImageDelay() ); 
                    } 
                    $image->destroy(); 
                 $this->image = $canvas; 
             } 
             else
             { 
                 $this->image->thumbnailImage( $width, $height, true ); 
             } 
             break; 
         case 'scale_fill': 
             $size = $this->image->getImagePage();  
             $src_width = $size['width']; 
             $src_height = $size['height']; 
              
                $x = 0; 
                $y = 0; 
                 
                $dst_width = $width; 
                $dst_height = $height; 
    if($src_width*$height > $src_height*$width) 
    { 
     $dst_height = intval($width*$src_height/$src_width); 
     $y = intval( ($height-$dst_height)/2 ); 
    } 
    else
    { 
     $dst_width = intval($height*$src_width/$src_height); 
     $x = intval( ($width-$dst_width)/2 ); 
    } 
                $image = $this->image; 
                $canvas = new Imagick(); 
                 
                $color = 'rgba('.$fill_color[0].','.$fill_color[1].','.$fill_color[2].','.$fill_color[3].')'; 
             if($this->type=='gif') 
             { 
                 $images = $image->coalesceImages(); 
                 foreach($images as $frame) 
                 { 
                     $frame->thumbnailImage( $width, $height, true ); 
                     $draw = new ImagickDraw(); 
                        $draw->composite($frame->getImageCompose(), $x, $y, $dst_width, $dst_height, $frame); 
                        $img = new Imagick(); 
                        $img->newImage($width, $height, $color, 'gif'); 
                        $img->drawImage($draw); 
                        $canvas->addImage( $img ); 
                        $canvas->setImageDelay( $img->getImageDelay() ); 
                        $canvas->setImagePage($width, $height, 0, 0); 
                    } 
             } 
             else
             { 
                 $image->thumbnailImage( $width, $height, true ); 
                  
                 $draw = new ImagickDraw(); 
                    $draw->composite($image->getImageCompose(), $x, $y, $dst_width, $dst_height, $image); 
                     
                 $canvas->newImage($width, $height, $color, $this->get_type() ); 
                    $canvas->drawImage($draw); 
                    $canvas->setImagePage($width, $height, 0, 0); 
             } 
             $image->destroy(); 
             $this->image = $canvas; 
             break; 
   default: 
    $size = $this->image->getImagePage();  
       $src_width = $size['width']; 
             $src_height = $size['height']; 
              
                $crop_x = 0; 
                $crop_y = 0; 
                 
                $crop_w = $src_width; 
                $crop_h = $src_height; 
                 
          if($src_width*$height > $src_height*$width) 
    { 
     $crop_w = intval($src_height*$width/$height); 
    } 
    else
    { 
        $crop_h = intval($src_width*$height/$width); 
    } 
                 
       switch($fit) 
             { 
        case 'north_west': 
            $crop_x = 0; 
            $crop_y = 0; 
            break; 
           case 'north': 
               $crop_x = intval( ($src_width-$crop_w)/2 ); 
               $crop_y = 0; 
               break; 
           case 'north_east': 
               $crop_x = $src_width-$crop_w; 
               $crop_y = 0; 
               break; 
           case 'west': 
               $crop_x = 0; 
               $crop_y = intval( ($src_height-$crop_h)/2 ); 
               break; 
           case 'center': 
               $crop_x = intval( ($src_width-$crop_w)/2 ); 
               $crop_y = intval( ($src_height-$crop_h)/2 ); 
               break; 
           case 'east': 
               $crop_x = $src_width-$crop_w; 
               $crop_y = intval( ($src_height-$crop_h)/2 ); 
               break; 
           case 'south_west': 
               $crop_x = 0; 
               $crop_y = $src_height-$crop_h; 
               break; 
           case 'south': 
               $crop_x = intval( ($src_width-$crop_w)/2 ); 
               $crop_y = $src_height-$crop_h; 
               break; 
           case 'south_east': 
               $crop_x = $src_width-$crop_w; 
               $crop_y = $src_height-$crop_h; 
               break; 
           default: 
               $crop_x = intval( ($src_width-$crop_w)/2 ); 
               $crop_y = intval( ($src_height-$crop_h)/2 ); 
             } 
              
             $image = $this->image; 
             $canvas = new Imagick(); 
              
          if($this->type=='gif') 
             { 
                 $images = $image->coalesceImages(); 
                 foreach($images as $frame){ 
                     $img = new Imagick(); 
                     $img->readImageBlob($frame); 
                        $img->cropImage($crop_w, $crop_h, $crop_x, $crop_y); 
                        $img->thumbnailImage( $width, $height, true ); 
                         
                        $canvas->addImage( $img ); 
                        $canvas->setImageDelay( $img->getImageDelay() ); 
                        $canvas->setImagePage($width, $height, 0, 0); 
                    } 
             } 
             else
             { 
                 $image->cropImage($crop_w, $crop_h, $crop_x, $crop_y); 
                 $image->thumbnailImage( $width, $height, true ); 
                 $canvas->addImage( $image ); 
                 $canvas->setImagePage($width, $height, 0, 0); 
             } 
             $image->destroy(); 
             $this->image = $canvas; 
     } 
      
 } 
  
 // 添加水印图片 
 public function add_watermark($path, $x = 0, $y = 0) 
 { 
        $watermark = new Imagick($path); 
        $draw = new ImagickDraw(); 
        $draw->composite($watermark->getImageCompose(), $x, $y, $watermark->getImageWidth(), $watermark->getimageheight(), $watermark); 
     if($this->type=='gif') 
     { 
         $image = $this->image; 
            $canvas = new Imagick(); 
         $images = $image->coalesceImages(); 
         foreach($image as $frame) 
         { 
                $img = new Imagick(); 
             $img->readImageBlob($frame); 
                $img->drawImage($draw); 
                 
                $canvas->addImage( $img ); 
                $canvas->setImageDelay( $img->getImageDelay() ); 
            } 
            $image->destroy(); 
         $this->image = $canvas; 
     } 
     else
     { 
         $this->image->drawImage($draw); 
     } 
 } 
  
 // 添加水印文字 
 public function add_text($text, $x = 0 , $y = 0, $angle=0, $style=array()) 
 { 
        $draw = new ImagickDraw(); 
        if(isset($style['font'])) $draw->setFont($style['font']); 
        if(isset($style['font_size'])) $draw->setFontSize($style['font_size']); 
     if(isset($style['fill_color'])) $draw->setFillColor($style['fill_color']); 
     if(isset($style['under_color'])) $draw->setTextUnderColor($style['under_color']); 
      
     if($this->type=='gif') 
     { 
         foreach($this->image as $frame) 
         { 
             $frame->annotateImage($draw, $x, $y, $angle, $text); 
         } 
     } 
     else
     { 
         $this->image->annotateImage($draw, $x, $y, $angle, $text); 
     } 
 } 
  
 // 保存到指定路径 
 public function save_to( $path ) 
 { 
     if($this->type=='gif') 
     { 
         $this->image->writeImages($path, true); 
     } 
     else
     { 
         $this->image->writeImage($path); 
     } 
 } 
 // 输出图像 
 public function output($header = true) 
 { 
     if($header) header('Content-type: '.$this->type); 
     echo $this->image->getImagesBlob();   
 } 
  
 public function get_width() 
 { 
        $size = $this->image->getImagePage();  
        return $size['width']; 
 } 
  
 public function get_height() 
 { 
     $size = $this->image->getImagePage();  
        return $size['height']; 
 } 
 // 设置图像类型， 默认与源类型一致 
 public function set_type( $type='png' ) 
 { 
     $this->type = $type; 
        $this->image->setImageFormat( $type ); 
 } 
 // 获取源图像类型 
 public function get_type() 
 { 
  return $this->type; 
 } 
 
 // 当前对象是否为图片 
 public function is_image() 
 { 
  if( $this->image ) 
   return true; 
  else
   return false; 
 } 
 
 public function thumbnail($width = 100, $height = 100, $fit = true){ $this->image->thumbnailImage( $width, $height, $fit );} // 生成缩略图 $fit为真时将保持比例并在安全框 $width X $height 内生成缩略图片 
 /*
 添加一个边框 
 $width: 左右边框宽度 
 $height: 上下边框宽度 
 $color: 颜色: RGB 颜色 'rgb(255,0,0)' 或 16进制颜色 '#FF0000' 或颜色单词 'white'/'red'... 
 */
 public function border($width, $height, $color='rgb(220, 220, 220)') 
 { 
  $color=new ImagickPixel(); 
  $color->setColor($color); 
  $this->image->borderImage($color, $width, $height); 
 } 
  
 public function blur($radius, $sigma){$this->image->blurImage($radius, $sigma);} // 模糊 
 public function gaussian_blur($radius, $sigma){$this->image->gaussianBlurImage($radius, $sigma);} // 高斯模糊 
 public function motion_blur($radius, $sigma, $angle){$this->image->motionBlurImage($radius, $sigma, $angle);} // 运动模糊 
 public function radial_blur($radius){$this->image->radialBlurImage($radius);} // 径向模糊 
 public function add_noise($type=null){$this->image->addNoiseImage($type==null?imagick::NOISE_IMPULSE:$type);} // 添加噪点 
  
 public function level($black_point, $gamma, $white_point){$this->image->levelImage($black_point, $gamma, $white_point);} // 调整色阶 
 public function modulate($brightness, $saturation, $hue){$this->image->modulateImage($brightness, $saturation, $hue);} // 调整亮度、饱和度、色调 
 public function charcoal($radius, $sigma){$this->image->charcoalImage($radius, $sigma);} // 素描 
 public function oil_paint($radius){$this->image->oilPaintImage($radius);} // 油画效果 
  
 public function flop(){$this->image->flopImage();} // 水平翻转 
 public function flip(){$this->image->flipImage();} // 垂直翻转 
}

希望本文所述对大家的PHP程序设计有所帮助。