微信小程序实现省市区三级地址选择

国际惯例先上效果图：

省市区三级联动，选择省自动刷新市，选择市自动刷新区，点击取消自动返回上一级重新选择，点击确定，保存地址。

数据库

这份数据库是某天在网上逛到的，当时未记录出处，直接贴出给读者使用，实在不妥，此处仅贴出表结构，方便大家交流学习。如有读者了解此份数据出处，烦请留言，谢谢！

数据表结构如下：

部分使用到的字段信息：

id：唯一标识每一个数据

name：地区名

parent_id：上级地区的id，若parent_id = 0 ，表示无上级信息，当前即为最高行政区。

extra：主要标识少数民族自治州或者自治县的信息，如：巴音郭楞 蒙古 自治州，此处存储 蒙古

例：

suffix:行政级别 市 省 县 区等

部分地区数据信息如下：

后台

后台仅需提供一个接口，根据parent_id，查询地区信息

此处使用的后台是SSM框架，贴出主要接口、sql

1.与小程序交互接口

@RequestMapping(value = "/getArea", method = RequestMethod.POST)
 private @ResponseBody
 List<District> getArea(HttpServletRequest request) {
 int parentId = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("parentId"));
 logger.info("getArea");
 List<District> list = new ArrayList<District>();
 try {
 list = districtService.getAreas(parentId);
 } catch (Exception e) {

 }
 return list;
 }

2.查询sql

 <select id="getAreas" resultType="District">
 <!-- 具体的sql -->
 SELECT
 id,concat(name,extra,suffix) as name,parent_id as parentId
 FROM
 district
 WHERE
 parent_id = #{parentId}
 </select>

前端

先贴出css：

.hotCity {
 padding-right: 50rpx;
 margin: auto;
}

.weui-grid {
 padding: 10rpx 0;
 width: 160rpx;
 box-sizing: border-box;
 border: 1rpx solid #ececec;
 border-radius: 8rpx;
 background-color: white;
 margin: 8rpx 0;
}

.weui-grids {
 display: flex;
 flex-direction: row;
 justify-content: space-between;
}

.weui-grid__label {
 display: block;
 text-align: center;
 color: #333;
 font-size: 30rpx;
 white-space: nowrap;
 text-overflow: ellipsis;
 overflow: hidden;
}
.county {
 display: flex;
 flex-wrap: wrap;
 margin-top: 30px;
 margin-left: 15px;
}
/** 头部css **/
.headTitle{
 display: flex;
}

.headButton{
 background: #f68135;
 border-radius: 25rpx;
 border: 1px solid #f68135;
 color: #fff;
 height: 80rpx;
 line-height: 80rpx;
 margin: 0 auto;
 width: 150rpx;
 font-size: 45rpx;
 text-align: center;
 padding:0px;
 vertical-align:middle ;
}

html

html仅由两部分组成：

头部：确定、取消按钮，显示当前选择地址信息

确定取消主要绑定了两个方法：submitChoose 及 cancleChoose 两个方法，点击不同按钮，执行不同js方法。

显示当前地址信息：finalCity，只要在js中使用setData设置该值，该值就会动态改变。

city：显示当前可选的地区

使用block组件，对json数组areaList进行循环显示，同样，使用setData设置该值，该值就会动态改变，达到省市区联动选择的效果。每一个小地区控件，有bindArea方法，并且在用户选择该地区，执行bindArea方法时，使用data-数据名的方法，向后台传递用户选择数据。

<view class="headTitle">
<button class="headButton" bindtap="cancleChoose">取消</button>
<view>{{finalCity == "" ? "请选择地址" : finalCity}}</view>
<button class="headButton" bindtap="submitChoose">确定</button>
</view>
<view class="county">
 <block class="hotCity" wx:for-items="{{areaList}}" wx:key="id">
 <view class="weui-grid" style="margin-right: 16rpx;" data-parentId="{{item.parentId}}" data-id="{{item.id}}" data-city="{{item.name}}" bindtap="bindArea">
  <view class="weui-grid__label">{{item.name}}</view>
 </view>
 </block>
</view>

js：

// pages/chooseCity/chooseCity.js
//获取应用实例
const model = require('../cityChoose/cityChoose.js')
const config = require('../../utils/config.js')
const util = require('../../utils/util.js')
const app = getApp();
//记录省市区
var nav = 0;
var chooseCity = new Array(3);
//记录每一次的parentId
var finalParentId = new Array(3);
var flag = 0;
Page({

 /**
 * 页面的初始数据
 */
 data: {
 finalCity:"",
 },

 /**
 * 生命周期函数--监听页面加载
 */
 onLoad: function(options) {
 //parentId = 0 取所有省份数据
 var that = this;
 that.getData(0);
 chooseCity = new Array("","","");
 finalParentId = new Array(0,0,0);
 nav = 0;
 },
 submitChoose:function(e){
 if(flag != 1){
  util.showLog("请选择完整地址")
  return;
 }else{
  var address_components = { "province": "", "city": "", "district": ""};
  address_components["province"] = chooseCity[0];
  address_components["city"] = chooseCity[1];
  address_components["district"] = chooseCity[2];
  console.log(address_components);
  app.globalData.address_components = address_components;
  wx.navigateBack();
 }
 },
 cancleChoose:function(e){
 console.log(finalParentId);
 var that = this;
 if(nav == 0){
  wx.navigateBack();
 } else {
  nav = nav - 1;
  chooseCity[nav] = "";
  console.log(chooseCity);
  that.setData({
  finalCity: chooseCity[0] + chooseCity[1] + chooseCity[2]
  })
  that.getData(finalParentId[nav]);
 }
 },
 bindArea: function(e) {
 if(flag == 0){
  console.log(e);
  var that = this;
  var parentId = e.currentTarget.dataset.id;
  var city = e.currentTarget.dataset.city;
  that.getData(parentId);
  chooseCity[nav] = city;
  finalParentId[nav] = e.currentTarget.dataset.parentid;
  nav++;
  console.log(chooseCity)
  that.setData({
  finalCity:chooseCity[0]+chooseCity[1]+chooseCity[2]
  })
 }
 },
 getData(parentId) {
 var that = this;
 var url = config.getArea + "?parentId=" + parentId;
 wx.request({
  url: url,
  success: (res) => {
  console.log("地区数据请求成功");
  console.log(res)
  if (res.data.length != 0) {
   flag = 0;
   //设置数据到全局变量
   that.setData({
   areaList: res.data,
   });
  }else{
   //防止用户再次点击；
   flag = 1;
  }
  },
  method: "POST",
  header: {
  "content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8",
  },
  fail: (res) => {
  console.log("地区数据请求失败");
  }
 })
 },
})

js解析

全局变量作用：

//记录用户已选择层次

var nav = 0;

//记录省市区三级数据

var chooseCity = new Array(3);

//记录每一次的parentId，主要记录用户选择路径，取消时根据用户路径显示上一级数据

var finalParentId = new Array(3);

//记录是否已经到最底层，再无数据可以选择

var flag = 0;

执行过程：

进入页面执行onLoad生命周期函数，在onLoad中调用getData初始化数据，及默认显示行政级别为省的数据，即请求parent_id为0的数据

getData：

getData(parentId) {
 var that = this;
//请求的url，由后台决定，此处填入你的请求url即可
 var url = config.getArea + "?parentId=" + parentId;
 wx.request({
  url: url,
  success: (res) => {
  console.log("地区数据请求成功");
  console.log(res)
  if (res.data.length != 0) {
   flag = 0;
   //设置数据到全局变量
   that.setData({
   areaList: res.data,
   });
  }else{
   //已到最后一层数据
   flag = 1;
  }
  },
  method: "POST",
  header: {
  "content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8",
  },
  fail: (res) => {
  console.log("地区数据请求失败");
  }
 })
 },

点击地区数据执行bindArea

bindArea: function(e) {
 //如果未到最后一层，即可向下执行
 if(flag == 0){
  console.log(e);
  var that = this;
 //获取html传参，获取用户点击信息
  var parentId = e.currentTarget.dataset.id;
  var city = e.currentTarget.dataset.city;
 //根据用户点击的数据，传入当前的id作为下一层的parentId，请求下一层数据，
  that.getData(parentId);
 //记录用户选择
  chooseCity[nav] = city;
//用户点击取消，到此层时，需要使用当前的parientid来请求此层应显示的数据
  finalParentId[nav] = e.currentTarget.dataset.parentid;
//记录路径数+1
  nav++;
  console.log(chooseCity)
//更新用户选择地区显示
  that.setData({
  finalCity:chooseCity[0]+chooseCity[1]+chooseCity[2]
  })
 }
 },

点击取消，执行方法cancleChoose

cancleChoose:function(e){
 var that = this;
//已是最后一层，则返回上一页
 if(nav == 0){
  wx.navigateBack();
 } else {
//记录路径数-1
  nav = nav - 1;
//将上次已选择的地区清空
  chooseCity[nav] = "";
  console.log(chooseCity);
//更新选择数据
  that.setData({
  finalCity: chooseCity[0] + chooseCity[1] + chooseCity[2]
  })
//根据finalParent中记录的每一层应请求的数据来更新地区数据
  that.getData(finalParentId[nav]);
 }
 },

点击确定，执行方法submitChoose

submitChoose:function(e){
//如果未到最后一层，表示地址未选择完，如果不需要选择完整地址，此处去掉即可
 if(flag != 1){
  util.showLog("请选择完整地址")
  return;
 }else{
//存储数据到全局变量中，采用了json的方式存储，可以分别存储省市区数据
  var address_components = { "province": "", "city": "", "district": ""};
  address_components["province"] = chooseCity[0];
  address_components["city"] = chooseCity[1];
  address_components["district"] = chooseCity[2];
  console.log(address_components);
  app.globalData.address_components = address_components;
//返回上一次页面
  wx.navigateBack();
 }
 },

谢谢大家查看，评论里希望贴出cityChoose.js 及 util.js ，在下面贴出来啦，注：util.js里不是所有方法都要用到。

希望能够帮助到大家。

cityChoose

// pages/chooseCity/chooseCity.js
//获取应用实例
const model = require('../cityChoose/cityChoose.js')
const config = require('../../utils/config.js')
const util = require('../../utils/util.js')
const app = getApp();
//记录省市区
var nav = 0;
var chooseCity = new Array(3);
//记录每一次的parentId
var finalParentId = new Array(3);
//记录是否到最后一级
var flag = 0;
Page({

 /**
 * 页面的初始数据
 */
 data: {
 finalCity:"",
 },

 /**
 * 生命周期函数--监听页面加载
 */
 onLoad: function(options) {
 //parentId = 0 取所有省份数据
 var that = this;
 that.getData(0);
 chooseCity = new Array("","","");
 finalParentId = new Array(0,0,0);
 nav = 0;
 },
 submitChoose:function(e){
 if(flag != 1){
  util.showLog("请选择完整地址")
  return;
 }else{
  var address_components = { "province": "", "city": "", "district": ""};
  address_components["province"] = chooseCity[0];
  address_components["city"] = chooseCity[1];
  address_components["district"] = chooseCity[2];
  console.log(address_components);
  app.globalData.address_components = address_components;
  wx.navigateBack();
 }
 },
 cancleChoose:function(e){
 console.log(finalParentId);
 var that = this;
 if(nav == 0){
  wx.navigateBack();
 } else {
  nav = nav - 1;
  chooseCity[nav] = "";
  console.log(chooseCity);
  that.setData({
  finalCity: chooseCity[0] + chooseCity[1] + chooseCity[2]
  })
  that.getData(finalParentId[nav]);
 }
 },
 bindArea: function(e) {
 if(flag == 0){
  console.log(e);
  var that = this;
  var parentId = e.currentTarget.dataset.id;
  var city = e.currentTarget.dataset.city;
  //刷新出下一级地址前重复点击
  console.log(chooseCity[nav - 1] );
  console.log(city);
  if(chooseCity[nav-1] == city){
  return;
  }
  that.getData(parentId);
  chooseCity[nav] = city;
  finalParentId[nav] = e.currentTarget.dataset.parentid;
  nav++;
  console.log(chooseCity)
  that.setData({
  finalCity:chooseCity[0]+chooseCity[1]+chooseCity[2]
  })
 }
 },
 getData(parentId) {
 var that = this;
 var url = config.getArea + "?parentId=" + parentId;
 wx.request({
  url: url,
  success: (res) => {
  console.log("地区数据请求成功");
  console.log(res)
  if (res.data.length != 0) {
   flag = 0;
   //设置数据到全局变量
   that.setData({
   areaList: res.data,
   });
  }else{
   //防止用户再次点击；
   flag = 1;
  }
  },
  method: "POST",
  header: {
  "content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8",
  },
  fail: (res) => {
  console.log("地区数据请求失败");
  }
 })
 },
})

util.js

const formatTime = date => {
 const year = date.getFullYear()
 const month = date.getMonth() + 1
 const day = date.getDate()
 const hour = date.getHours()
 const minute = date.getMinutes()
 const second = date.getSeconds()

 return [year, month, day].map(formatNumber).join('/') + ' ' + [hour, minute, second].map(formatNumber).join(':')
}

const formatNumber = n => {
 n = n.toString()
 return n[1] ? n : '0' + n
}

function showLog(e) {
 wx.showToast({
 title: e,
 icon: "none"
 })
}

function trim(str) {
 return str.replace(/(^\s*)|(\s*$)/g, "");
}

function showLoading() {
 wx.showLoading({
 title: '加载中',
 mask: true
 })
}

// 验证码倒计时
function phone_code(t, second) {
 // t是this,second是重新发送的间隔时间,需要设置按钮可点击
 var s = second;
 // 避免重复点击
 t.setData({
 phone_code_text: s + "s",
 phone_code_class: "",
 phone_code_buff: true
 });

 // 倒计时
 var clock = setInterval(function () {
 if (s > 1) {
  t.setData({
  phone_code_text: --s + "s"
  })
 } else {
  clearInterval(clock);
  t.setData({
  phone_code_text: "重新发送",
  phone_code_class: "on",
  phone_code_buff: false
  });
  // 重置数据
  s = second;
 }
 }, 1000)
}
function getNowFormatDate() {
 var date = new Date();
 var seperator1 = "-";
 var year = date.getFullYear();
 var month = date.getMonth() + 1;
 var strDate = date.getDate();
 if (month >= 1 && month <= 9) {
 month = "0" + month;
 }
 if (strDate >= 0 && strDate <= 9) {
 strDate = "0" + strDate;
 }
 var currentdate = year + seperator1 + month + seperator1 + strDate;
 return currentdate;
}

function checkAndCall(sourceId,recordType,tele,app,config){
 console.log(app.globalData.haulUserInfo)
 console.log(tele);
 if (app.globalData.haulUserInfo == null) {
 showLog("正在获取用户数据，请稍后。")
 app.Promise.then(function (value) {
  console.log(value);
  if (value) {
  // success
  wx.makePhoneCall({
   phoneNumber: tele,
   success: ph => {
   mycall(config, app,recordType, sourceId, function () {
    //记录联系次数
   })
   }
  })
  } else {
  // failure
  showLog("注册完成即可联系" + "。。。即将跳转")
  setTimeout(function () {
   wx.navigateTo({
   url: '../registUser/registUser',
   })
  }, 1000);
  }
 }).catch(function (error) {
 });
 } else {
 // success
 wx.makePhoneCall({
  phoneNumber: tele,
  success: ph => {
  mycall(config,app, recordType, sourceId,function () {
   //记录联系次数

  })
  }
 })
 }
}

//记录互相联系
function mycall(config,app, recordType, sourceId, callback) {
 console.log(typeof (recordType))
 var that = this;
 wx.request({
 url: config.insertRecord,
 method: "POST",
 data: {
  sourceId: sourceId,
  userId: app.globalData.haulUserInfo.id,
  recordType: recordType
 },
 header: {
  "content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
 },
 success: res => {
  if (res.data.success) {
  console.log('联系成功');
  callback();
  } else {
  showLog(res.data.error);
  }
 }
 })
}

module.exports = {
 formatNumber: formatNumber,
 formatTime: formatTime,
 phone_code_clock: phone_code,
 showLoading: showLoading,
 showLog: showLog,
 getNowFormatDate: getNowFormatDate,
 trim: trim,
 mycall: mycall,
 checkAndCall: checkAndCall
}

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