Springboot+SpringSecurity实现图片验证码登录的示例

这个问题,网上找了好多,结果代码都不全,找了好多,要不是就自动注入的类注入不了,编译报错,要不异常捕获不了浪费好多时间,就觉得,框架不熟就不能随便用,全是坑,气死我了,最后改了两天.终于弄好啦;

问题主要是:

• 返回的验证码不知道在SpringSecurity的什么地方和存在内存里的比较？我用的方法是前置一个过滤器，插入到表单验证之前。
• 比较之后应该怎么处理,：比较之后要抛出一个继承了AuthenticationException的异常
• 其次是捕获验证码错误异常的处理？ 捕获到的异常交给自定义验证失败处理器AuthenticationFailureHandler处理，这里，用的处理器要和表单验证失败的处理器是同一个处理器，不然会报异常，所以在需要写一个全局的AuthenticationFailureHandler的实现类，专门用来处理异常。表单验证有成功和失败两个处理器，我们一般直接以匿名内部类形似写。要是加了验证码，就必须使用统一的失败处理器。

效果图

网上大都是直接注入一个AuthenticationFailureHandler,我当时就不明白这个咋注进去的,我这个一写就报错,注入不进去,后来就想自己new一个哇,可以是可以了，但是还报异常，java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot call sendError() after the response has been committed，后来想表单验证的时候，失败用的也是这个处理器，就想定义一个全局的处理器，

package com.liruilong.hros.config;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.liruilong.hros.Exception.ValidateCodeException;
import com.liruilong.hros.model.RespBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.*;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationFailureHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

/**
 * @Description :
 * @Author: Liruilong
 * @Date: 2020/2/11 23:08
 */
@Component
public class MyAuthenticationFailureHandler implements AuthenticationFailureHandler {
    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
        httpServletResponse.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
        PrintWriter out = httpServletResponse.getWriter();
        RespBean respBean = RespBean.error(e.getMessage());
           // 验证码自定义异常的处理
        if (e instanceof ValidateCodeException){
            respBean.setMsg(e.getMessage());
            //Security内置的异常处理
        }else if (e instanceof LockedException) {
            respBean.setMsg("账户被锁定请联系管理员!");
        } else if (e instanceof CredentialsExpiredException) {
            respBean.setMsg("密码过期请联系管理员!");
        } else if (e instanceof AccountExpiredException) {
            respBean.setMsg("账户过期请联系管理员!");
        } else if (e instanceof DisabledException) {
            respBean.setMsg("账户被禁用请联系管理员!");
        } else if (e instanceof BadCredentialsException) {
            respBean.setMsg("用户名密码输入错误,请重新输入!");
        }
        //将hr转化为Sting
        out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(respBean));
        out.flush();
        out.close();
    }
    @Bean
    public  MyAuthenticationFailureHandler getMyAuthenticationFailureHandler(){
        return new MyAuthenticationFailureHandler();
    }
}

流程

1. 请求登录页,将验证码结果存到基于Servlet的session里,以JSON格式返回验证码,
2. 之后前端发送登录请求,SpringSecurity中处理,自定义一个filter让它继承自OncePerRequestFilter，然后重写doFilterInternal方法,在这个方法中实现验证码验证的功能，如果验证码错误就抛出一个继承自AuthenticationException的验证吗错误的异常消息写入到响应消息中.
3. 之后返回异常信息交给自定义验证失败处理器处理。

下面以这个顺序书写代码:

依赖大家照着import导一下吧,记得有这两个,验证码需要一个依赖,之后还使用了一个工具依赖包，之后是前端代码

​<!--图片验证-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.whvcse</groupId>
            <artifactId>easy-captcha</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <div class="login-code">
          <img :src="codeUrl"
               @click="getCode">
        </div>

后端代码:

获取验证码,将结果放到session里

package com.liruilong.hros.controller;

import com.liruilong.hros.model.RespBean;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.wf.captcha.ArithmeticCaptcha;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @Description :
 * @Author: Liruilong
 * @Date: 2019/12/19 19:58
 */
@RestController
public class LoginController {

    @GetMapping(value = "/auth/code")
    public Map getCode(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
        // 算术类型 https://gitee.com/whvse/EasyCaptcha
        ArithmeticCaptcha captcha = new ArithmeticCaptcha(111, 36);
        // 几位数运算，默认是两位
        captcha.setLen(2);
        // 获取运算的结果
        String result = captcha.text();
        System.err.println("生成的验证码："+result);
        // 保存
        // 验证码信息
        Map<String,Object> imgResult = new HashMap<String,Object>(2){{
            put("img", captcha.toBase64());

        }};
        request.getSession().setAttribute("yanzhengma",result);

        return imgResult;
    }
}

定义一个VerifyCodeFilter 过滤器

package com.liruilong.hros.filter;

import com.liruilong.hros.Exception.ValidateCodeException;
import com.liruilong.hros.config.MyAuthenticationFailureHandler;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @Description :
 * @Author: Liruilong
 * @Date: 2020/2/7 19:39
 */
@Component
public class VerifyCodeFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {

    @Bean
    public VerifyCodeFilter getVerifyCodeFilter() {
        return new VerifyCodeFilter();
    }
    @Autowired
    MyAuthenticationFailureHandler myAuthenticationFailureHandler;
    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {

        if (StringUtils.equals("/doLogin", request.getRequestURI())
                && StringUtils.equalsIgnoreCase(request.getMethod(), "post")) {
            // 1. 进行验证码的校验
            try {
            String requestCaptcha = request.getParameter("code");
                if (requestCaptcha == null) {
                    throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不存在");
                }
            String code = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("yanzhengma");
                if (StringUtils.isBlank(code)) {
                    throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码过期！");
                }
            code = code.equals("0.0") ? "0" : code;
            logger.info("开始校验验证码，生成的验证码为：" + code + " ，输入的验证码为：" + requestCaptcha);
                if (!StringUtils.equals(code, requestCaptcha)) {
                    throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不匹配");
                }
            } catch (AuthenticationException e) {
                // 2. 捕获步骤1中校验出现异常，交给失败处理类进行进行处理
                myAuthenticationFailureHandler.onAuthenticationFailure(request, response, e);
            } finally {
                filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
            }
        } else {
            filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
        }

    }

}

定义一个自定义异常处理，继承AuthenticationException

package com.liruilong.hros.Exception;

import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;

/**
 * @Description :
 * @Author: Liruilong
 * @Date: 2020/2/8 7:24
 */

public class ValidateCodeException extends AuthenticationException  {

    public ValidateCodeException(String msg) {
        super(msg);
    }

}

security配置.

在之前的基础上加filter的基础上加了

http.addFilterBefore(verifyCodeFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class)，验证处理上，验证码和表单验证失败用同一个失败处理器，

package com.liruilong.hros.config;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.liruilong.hros.filter.VerifyCodeFilter;
import com.liruilong.hros.model.Hr;
import com.liruilong.hros.model.RespBean;
import com.liruilong.hros.service.HrService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.*;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.ObjectPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.WebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.AuthenticationEntryPoint;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutSuccessHandler;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

/**
 * @Description :
 * @Author: Liruilong
 * @Date: 2019/12/18 19:11
 */

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Autowired
    HrService hrService;
    @Autowired
    CustomFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource customFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
    @Autowired
    CustomUrlDecisionManager customUrlDecisionManager;
     @Autowired
    VerifyCodeFilter verifyCodeFilter ;
    @Autowired
    MyAuthenticationFailureHandler myAuthenticationFailureHandler;

    @Bean
    PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(hrService);
    }
    /**
     * @Author Liruilong
     * @Description  放行的请求路径
     * @Date 19:25 2020/2/7
     * @Param [web]
     * @return void
     **/
    @Override
    public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
        web.ignoring().antMatchers("/auth/code","/login","/css/**","/js/**", "/index.html", "/img/**", "/fonts/**","/favicon.ico");
    }
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
                .addFilterBefore(verifyCodeFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class)
                .authorizeRequests()
                //.anyRequest().authenticated()
                .withObjectPostProcessor(new ObjectPostProcessor<FilterSecurityInterceptor>() {
                    @Override
                    public <O extends FilterSecurityInterceptor> O postProcess(O object) {
                        object.setAccessDecisionManager(customUrlDecisionManager);
                        object.setSecurityMetadataSource(customFilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource);
                        return object;
                    }
                })
                .and().formLogin().usernameParameter("username").passwordParameter("password") .loginProcessingUrl("/doLogin")
                .loginPage("/login")
                //登录成功回调
                .successHandler(new AuthenticationSuccessHandler() {
                    @Override
                    public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
                        httpServletResponse.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
                        PrintWriter out = httpServletResponse.getWriter();
                        Hr hr = (Hr) authentication.getPrincipal();
                        //密码不回传
                        hr.setPassword(null);
                        RespBean ok = RespBean.ok("登录成功！", hr);
                        //将hr转化为Sting
                        String s = new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(ok);
                        out.write(s);
                        out.flush();
                        out.close();
                    }
                })
                //登失败回调
                .failureHandler(myAuthenticationFailureHandler)
                //相关的接口直接返回
                .permitAll()
                .and()
                .logout()
                //注销登录
                // .logoutSuccessUrl("")
                .logoutSuccessHandler(new LogoutSuccessHandler() {
                    @Override
                    public void onLogoutSuccess(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest,
                                                HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse,
                                                Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
                        httpServletResponse.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
                        PrintWriter out = httpServletResponse.getWriter();
                        out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(RespBean.ok("注销成功!")));
                        out.flush();
                        out.close();
                    }
                })
                .permitAll()
                .and()
                .csrf().disable().exceptionHandling()
                //没有认证时，在这里处理结果，不要重定向
                .authenticationEntryPoint(new AuthenticationEntryPoint() {
                    @Override
                    public void commence(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException, ServletException {
                        resp.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
                        resp.setStatus(401);
                        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
                        RespBean respBean = RespBean.error("访问失败!");
                        if (authException instanceof InsufficientAuthenticationException) {
                            respBean.setMsg("请求失败，请联系管理员!");
                        }
                        out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(respBean));
                        out.flush();
                        out.close();
                    }
                });
    }
}

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