解决django migrate报错ORA-02000: missing ALWAYS keyword
错误信息
PS D:\parttime\python\django\guanxiangzhiji> python manage.py migrate Operations to perform: Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions Running migrations: Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 82, in _execute return self.cursor.execute(sql) File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\oracle\base.py", line 510, in execute return self.cursor.execute(query, self._param_generator(params)) cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: ORA-02000: missing ALWAYS keyword The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception: Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\recorder.py", line 67, in ensure_schema editor.create_model(self.Migration) File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\schema.py", line 307, in create_model self.execute(sql, params or None) File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\schema.py", line 137, in execute cursor.execute(sql, params) File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 99, in execute return super().execute(sql, params) File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 67, in execute return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute) File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 76, in _execute_with_wrappers return executor(sql, params, many, context) File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 84, in _execute return self.cursor.execute(sql, params) File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 89, in __exit__ raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\utils.py", line 82, in _execute return self.cursor.execute(sql) File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\oracle\base.py", line 510, in execute return self.cursor.execute(query, self._param_generator(params)) django.db.utils.DatabaseError: ORA-02000: missing ALWAYS keyword During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "manage.py", line 21, in <module> main() File "manage.py", line 17, in main execute_from_command_line(sys.argv) File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 381, in execute_from_command_line utility.execute() File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 375, in execute self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 323, in run_from_argv self.execute(*args, **cmd_options) File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 364, in execute output = self.handle(*args, **options) File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 83, in wrapped res = handle_func(*args, **kwargs) File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\migrate.py", line 234, in handle fake_initial=fake_initial, File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\executor.py", line 91, in migrate self.recorder.ensure_schema() File "D:\app\anaconda\lib\site-packages\django\db\migrations\recorder.py", line 69, in ensure_schema raise MigrationSchemaMissing("Unable to create the django_migrations table (%s)" % exc) django.db.migrations.exceptions.MigrationSchemaMissing: Unable to create the django_migrations table (ORA-02000: missing ALWAYS keyword)
环境情况
1、操作系统:Win10 64bit
2、Python版本:3.7.3
3、django版本:2.2.4
4、Oracle版本:11.2.0.4
5、cx_oracle版本:7.0.0
6、settings配置
原因分析
从错误提示ORA-02000: missing ALWAYS keyword看,是SQL语法错误,创建表的时候使用了Always这个关键词。 Always是在Oracle12c的新特性自增序列里用到的,语法如下:
generated-column-spec [ GENERATED { ALWAYS | BY DEFAULT } AS IDENTITY [ ( START WITH IntegerConstant [ ,INCREMENT BY IntegerConstant] ) ] ] ]
但是,我机器上用的是Oracle11.2.0.4版本,这个语法在11g版本里执行自然就会报ORA-02000的错误。
解决方案
看了网上的一些解决方案,主要有2种:
(1)将Oracle升级到12c
(2)将cx_oracle降低版本
刚开始选用方案(2),觉得简单,但是实际操作下来,问题一环套一环,比如说将cx_oracle降低版本后,接着出现了django版本与cx_oracle版本不适应的情况,接着又降低django版本。。。接着做还是不行,最终放弃了。不知道有没有人成功过。
重新选择方案(1),装了Oracle12.1.0.2
再将django和cx_oracle升级回最新版本,migrate的时候就成功了
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