C#爬虫通过代理刷文章浏览量

1.如何维护代理IP库？

想要使用代理IP，那就必须有一个一定数量、足够有效的代理ip库，在学习阶段，随便玩玩那就只能从免费的代理IP网站上抓取,没有一定数量的代理刷文章流浪量非常慢，首先就是要维护好自己的代理Ip库

之前用过的西刺代理、66ip比较靠谱，西祠好像有反扒，遇到过一次，不知道是西祠网站的问题还是反扒的策略，这两个网站每分钟抓取的能用的代理大概有2,3个,这已经算的上比较客观的了， data5u、快代理、ip3366网页端更新的非常少，而且有效性比较低，快代理抓取网页还必须设置Useragent,发现设置后获取的ip的端口和网页端不一致，很玩味是吧，没办法免费的就是这样，不然人家就收费了，当然付费的代理也不稳定，但肯定是比免费的好很多。

维护代理质量

从网页端抓取下来的代理，肯定是要经过验证再入库的，最简单的方式就是发起一个请求状态码是否为200。我推荐的免费代理还是上面两个西刺代理和66ip，相对其他的免费代理有效性、数量都比较高。

代理如何储存

我使用的是redis来存储这些有效代理，数据结构最好是采用Set，不允许存储相同的IP。代理的有效性无法得知，有的可能是几十秒钟，有的几十分钟，在使用的时候应该记录那些多次不能使用的IP，达到一定次数，应该从Set中删除掉。无法确定代理的时效，代理ip要及时使用，可以使用定时器定时从redis中取出代理。

2.反爬虫的一些常见的机制？

反爬虫的原则就是判断是否是一个真实的用户，一些比较重要的数据会利用多种机制混合，让爬虫的代价变大甚至无法爬取,Header里面的字段设置、IP限制、Cookie等

IP限制

一些网站为了防止爬虫，可能会对每个ip进行访问频率的限制，访问频率一个是速度，可以同Thread.Sleep来进行休眠，暂停一会儿再进行爬取；一个IP次数这个我们可以通过抓取的免费代理来设置。

Header里的限制

User-Agent ：用户代理，这个非常简单，可以收集一些常见的浏览器代理头，在请求的时候随机设置User-Agent

Referer ：访问目标链接是从哪个链接条过来的，做防图片的盗链可以用它来处理，当然这个Refresh也是可以伪造。

Cookie：登录后或其他的一些用户操作，服务端会返回一些cookie信息，没有cookie很容易被识别为伪造请求，可以在本地通过Js，根据服务端返回的一些信息，本地区设置cooke，当然这个实际中并没有这么简单，一般会涉及到加密解密的过程。这个是爬虫的一个难点。

3.使用代理IP刷新csdn文章的浏览量

csdn文章的浏览量还是比较好刷的，前提的是你有足够多的代理，没有更多的代理效率会非常慢。前面一篇文章我们已经从几个免费的代理网站抓取了代理，这里就不多做介绍了，这里我们接着上一篇的拿来就用。c#批量抓取免费代理并验证有效性。1.我使用的多线程批量发送请求，效率更好，每个线程平均分配一定数量的代理执行请求。2.定时获取Redis中代理3.使用System.Collections.Concurrent 命名空间下ConcurrentDictionary字典集合来统计失败的次数，如果达到一定次数就直接从库中删除该代理。关于代码中主要功能是实现，不足的地方就是代理太少，效率不高。

效果如图：

昨天晚上看了篇文章，（这里是随便CSDN或者其他地方的有浏览量的文章），刷的时间不短，主要是因为代理太少了。

主要代码如下：

class Program
 {
 static bool finishIsCompleted=true;
 static ConcurrentDictionary<string, int> failStatis;//保存请求失败的ip地址:key 失败次数：value
 static string refreshLink = "https://blog.csdn.net/baijifeilong/article/details/80734388";
 static string requestSuccessKey,requestFailKey;
 static async Task Main(string[] args)
 {

  ThreadPool.SetMinThreads(500, 100);
  failStatis = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, int>();
  requestSuccessKey = "list_request_success"+DateTime.Now.ToString("hhmm");
  requestFailKey = "list_request_fail" + DateTime.Now.ToString("hhmm");
  Timer timer = new Timer(async (state) =>
  {
  if (finishIsCompleted)
  {
   finishIsCompleted = false;
   //获取代理
   var proxyIps = RedisHelper.GetProxy();
   int threadCount = 1;
   if (proxyIps.Count > 10)
   {
   threadCount = proxyIps.Count / 10;
   }
   //平均分配给每个thread执行15个请求
   int requestCount = proxyIps.Count / threadCount;
   for (var i = 0; i < threadCount; i++)
   {
   var tempList = proxyIps.GetRange(i * requestCount, requestCount);
   if (i == threadCount - 1)
   {
    tempList.AddRange(proxyIps.GetRange(threadCount * requestCount, proxyIps.Count - threadCount * requestCount));
   }
   Thread thread = new Thread(async () =>
   {
    //执行发起请求
    await Finish(tempList);
   });
   thread.Start();
   }
  }
  }, "processing timer event", 0, 1000*30);
  Console.ReadLine();
 }

 public static async Task Finish(List<string> proxyIps)
 {
  for (int i = 0; i < proxyIps.Count; i++)
  {
  string ip = proxyIps[i];
  int index = ip.IndexOf(":");
  string ipAddress = ip.Substring(0, index);
  int ipPort = int.Parse(ip.Substring(index + 1));
  //随机休眠
  Thread.Sleep(new Random().Next(1,4)*1000);
  await Get(ipAddress, ipPort, 10000, randomUseragent(), refreshLink, () =>
  {
   RedisHelper.AddRequestOk(requestSuccessKey,ip+" "+DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString(),true);
   Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;
   Console.WriteLine(ip+" success");
  },
  (error) =>
  {
   RedisHelper.AddRequestOk(requestFailKey, ip + " " + DateTime.Now.ToShortTimeString(),false);
   Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
   Console.WriteLine(ipAddress+error+"失败"+(failStatis.ContainsKey(ip)?failStatis[ip] :1)+"次");
   if (failStatis.ContainsKey(ip))
   {
   if (failStatis[ip] == 6)
   {
    RedisHelper.RemoveSetValue(ip);
   }
   else
    failStatis[ip]++;
   }
   else
   {
   failStatis.AddOrUpdate(ip, 1,(key,oldValue)=>oldValue+1);
   }
  }
  );
  }
  finishIsCompleted = true;
 }

 private static string randomUseragent()
 {
  string[] usersagents = new string[] {
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; en-us; Nexus One Build/FRF91) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
  "MQQBrowser/26 Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.3.7; zh-cn; MB200 Build/GRJ22; CyanogenMod-7) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
  "JUC (Linux; U; 2.3.7; zh-cn; MB200; 320*480) UCWEB7.9.3.103/139/999",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:7.0a1) Gecko/20110623 Firefox/7.0a1 Fennec/7.0a1",
  "Opera/9.80 (Android 2.3.4; Linux; Opera Mobi/build-1107180945; U; en-GB) Presto/2.8.149 Version/11.10",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 3.0; en-us; Xoom Build/HRI39) AppleWebKit/534.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Safari/534.13",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; U; CPU iPhone OS 3_0 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/420.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/3.0 Mobile/1A542a Safari/419.3",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; U; CPU iPhone OS 4_0 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/532.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0.5 Mobile/8A293 Safari/6531.22.7",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 3_2 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/531.21.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0.4 Mobile/7B334b Safari/531.21.10",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (BlackBerry; U; BlackBerry 9800; en) AppleWebKit/534.1+ (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/6.0.0.337 Mobile Safari/534.1+",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (hp-tablet; Linux; hpwOS/3.0.0; U; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) wOSBrowser/233.70 Safari/534.6 TouchPad/1.0",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (SymbianOS/9.4; Series60/5.0 NokiaN97-1/20.0.019; Profile/MIDP-2.1 Configuration/CLDC-1.1) AppleWebKit/525 (KHTML, like Gecko) BrowserNG/7.1.18124",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0; HTC; Titan)",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2228.0 Safari/537.36",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2227.1 Safari/537.36",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2.10) Gecko/20100922 Ubuntu/10.10 (maverick) Firefox/3.6.10",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; U; en; rv:1.8.1) Gecko/20061208 Firefox/2.0.0 Opera 9.50",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/534.57.2 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1.7 Safari/534.57.2",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/30.0.1599.101 Safari/537.36",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER) ",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; QQBrowser/7.0.3698.400)",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/38.0.2125.122 UBrowser/4.0.3214.0 Safari/537.36",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.2.1; zh-cn; HTC_Wildfire_A3333 Build/FRG83D) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/533.1",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (BlackBerry; U; BlackBerry 9800; en) AppleWebKit/534.1+ (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/6.0.0.337 Mobile Safari/534.1+",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0; HTC; Titan)",
  "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; ) Opera/UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
  "Openwave/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
  "NOKIA5700/ UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
  "UCWEB7.0.2.37/28/999",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (hp-tablet; Linux; hpwOS/3.0.0; U; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) wOSBrowser/233.70 Safari/534.6 TouchPad/1.0",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 3.0; en-us; Xoom Build/HRI39) AppleWebKit/534.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Safari/534.13",
  "Opera/9.80 (Android 2.3.4; Linux; Opera Mobi/build-1107180945; U; en-GB) Presto/2.8.149 Version/11.10",
  "Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_3_3 like Mac OS X; en-us) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8J2 Safari/6533.18.5",
  };
  Random random = new Random();
  var randomNumber = random.Next(0, usersagents.Length);
  return usersagents[randomNumber];
 }
 public static async Task Get(string proxyIp, int proxyPort,int timeout, string randomUseragent, string url, Action success, Action<string> fail)
 {
  HttpWebRequest request = null;
  HttpWebResponse response = null;
  try
  {
  request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
  request.Timeout = timeout;
  request.UserAgent = randomUseragent;
  request.Proxy = new WebProxy(proxyIp,proxyPort);

  response = await request.GetResponseAsync() as HttpWebResponse;

  if (response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
  {
   success();
  }
  else
  {
   fail(response+":"+response.StatusDescription);
  }
  }
  catch (Exception ex)
  {
  fail(ex.Message.ToString());
  }
  finally
  {
  if (request != null)
  {
   request.Abort();
   request = null;
  }
  if (response != null)
  {
   response.Close();
   response = null;
  }
  }
 }
 }

redisHelper.cs

public class RedisHelper
 {
 private static readonly object Locker = new object();
 private static ConnectionMultiplexer _redis;
 private const string CONNECTTIONSTRING = "127.0.0.1:6379,DefaultDatabase=3";
 public const string REDIS_SET_KET_SUCCESS = "set_success_ip";
 private static ConnectionMultiplexer Manager
 {
  get
  {
  if (_redis == null)
  {
   lock (Locker)
   {
   if (_redis != null) return _redis;
   _redis = GetManager();
   return _redis;
   }
  }
  return _redis;
  }
 }
 private static ConnectionMultiplexer GetManager(string connectionString = null)
 {
  if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(connectionString))
  {
  connectionString = CONNECTTIONSTRING;
  }
  return ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect(connectionString);
 }
 public static void AddRequestOk(string key,string value,bool isSuccess)
 {
  var db = Manager.GetDatabase();
  if(isSuccess)
  db.ListLeftPush(key,value);
  else
  db.ListLeftPush(key, value);
 }
 public static List<string> GetProxy()
 {
  List<string> result = new List<string>();
  var db = Manager.GetDatabase();
  var values = db.SetMembers(REDIS_SET_KET_SUCCESS);
  foreach (var value in values)
  {
  result.Add(value.ToString());
  }
  return result;
 }
 public static bool InsertSet(string value)
 {
  var db = Manager.GetDatabase();
  return db.SetAdd(REDIS_SET_KET_SUCCESS, value);
 }
 public static bool RemoveSetValue(string value)
 {
  var db = Manager.GetDatabase();
  return db.SetRemove(REDIS_SET_KET_SUCCESS,value);
 }
 }