详解C#读写Excel的几种方法

1 使用Office自带的库

前提是本机须安装office才能运行，且不同的office版本之间可能会有兼容问题，从Nuget下载 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel

读写代码如下：

using Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;

    private void btn_Office_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
      string importExcelPath = "E:\\import.xlsx";
      string exportExcelPath = "E:\\export.xlsx";
      //创建
      Excel.Application xlApp = new Excel.Application();
      xlApp.DisplayAlerts = false;
      xlApp.Visible = false;
      xlApp.ScreenUpdating = false;
      //打开Excel
      Excel.Workbook xlsWorkBook = xlApp.Workbooks.Open(importExcelPath, System.Type.Missing, System.Type.Missing, System.Type.Missing,
      System.Type.Missing, System.Type.Missing, System.Type.Missing, System.Type.Missing, System.Type.Missing, System.Type.Missing, System.Type.Missing,
      System.Type.Missing, System.Type.Missing, System.Type.Missing, System.Type.Missing);

      //处理数据过程，更多操作方法自行百度
      Excel.Worksheet sheet = xlsWorkBook.Worksheets[1];//工作薄从1开始，不是0
      sheet.Cells[1, 1] = "test";

      //另存
      xlsWorkBook.SaveAs(exportExcelPath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, XlSaveAsAccessMode.xlNoChange,
        Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
      //关闭Excel进程
      ClosePro(xlApp, xlsWorkBook);
    }

    public void ClosePro(Excel.Application xlApp, Excel.Workbook xlsWorkBook)
    {
      if (xlsWorkBook != null)
        xlsWorkBook.Close(true, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
      xlApp.Quit();
      // 安全回收进程
      System.GC.GetGeneration(xlApp);
      IntPtr t = new IntPtr(xlApp.Hwnd);  //获取句柄
      int k = 0;
      GetWindowThreadProcessId(t, out k);  //获取进程唯一标志
      System.Diagnostics.Process p = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessById(k);
      p.Kill();   //关闭进程
    }

2. 使用NPOI　　

地址：https://github.com/tonyqus/npoi

在不安装office的时候也是可以读写的，速度很快，从Nuget下载 NPOI

读写代码如下：

using System.IO;
using NPOI;
using NPOI.SS.UserModel;

    private void btn_NPOI_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
      string importExcelPath = "E:\\import.xlsx";
      string exportExcelPath = "E:\\export.xlsx";
      IWorkbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.Create(importExcelPath);
      ISheet sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);//获取第一个工作薄
      IRow row = (IRow)sheet.GetRow(0);//获取第一行

      //设置第一行第一列值,更多方法请参考源官方Demo
      row.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue("test");//设置第一行第一列值

      //导出excel
      FileStream fs = new FileStream(exportExcelPath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.ReadWrite);
      workbook.Write(fs);
      fs.Close();
    }

3. 使用ClosedXml　　

地址：https://github.com/ClosedXML/ClosedXML

从Nuget下载ClosedXml

读写代码如下：

using ClosedXML;
using ClosedXML.Excel;

    private void btn_ClosedXML_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
      string importExcelPath = "E:\\import.xlsx";
      string exportExcelPath = "E:\\export.xlsx";
      var workbook = new XLWorkbook(importExcelPath);

      IXLWorksheet sheet = workbook.Worksheet(1);//这个库也是从1开始
      //设置第一行第一列值,更多方法请参考官方Demo
      sheet.Cell(1, 1).Value = "test";//该方法也是从1开始，非0

      workbook.SaveAs(exportExcelPath);
    }

4. 使用 spire.xls　　

地址：https://www.e-iceblue.com/Introduce/free-xls-component.html

spire分免费和收费，无特殊需求用免费即可

从Nuget下载Free Spire.xls For .NET

读写代码如下：

using Spire.Xls;

    private void btnSpire_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
      string importExcelPath = "E:\\import.xlsx";
      string exportExcelPath = "E:\\export.xlsx";

      Spire.Xls.Workbook workbook = new Spire.Xls.Workbook();
      workbook.LoadFromFile(importExcelPath);
      //处理Excel数据，更多请参考官方Demo
      Spire.Xls.Worksheet sheet = workbook.Worksheets[0];
      sheet.Range[1,1].Text = "test";//该方法也是从1开始，非0

      workbook.SaveToFile(exportExcelPath);
    }

5. EPPLUS　　

地址：https://github.com/pruiz/EPPlus/tree/master/EPPlus

没用过这个，暂时就不做介绍了

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