python实现Simhash算法
1、simhash步骤
simhash包含分词、hash、加权、合并、降维五大步骤
simhash代码如下:
import jieba import jieba.analyse import numpy as np class SimHash(object): def simHash(self, content): seg = jieba.cut(content) # jieba.analyse.set_stop_words('stopword.txt') # jieba基于TF-IDF提取关键词 keyWords = jieba.analyse.extract_tags("|".join(seg), topK=10, withWeight=True) keyList = [] for feature, weight in keyWords: # print('feature:' + feature) print('weight: {}'.format(weight)) # weight = math.ceil(weight) weight = int(weight) binstr = self.string_hash(feature) print('feature: %s , string_hash %s' % (feature, binstr)) temp = [] for c in binstr: if (c == '1'): temp.append(weight) else: temp.append(-weight) keyList.append(temp) listSum = np.sum(np.array(keyList), axis=0) if (keyList == []): return '00' simhash = '' for i in listSum: if (i > 0): simhash = simhash + '1' else: simhash = simhash + '0' return simhash def string_hash(self, source): if source == "": return 0 else: temp = source[0] temp1 = ord(temp) x = ord(source[0]) << 7 m = 1000003 mask = 2 ** 128 - 1 for c in source: x = ((x * m) ^ ord(c)) & mask x ^= len(source) if x == -1: x = -2 x = bin(x).replace('0b', '').zfill(64)[-64:] return str(x) def getDistance(self, hashstr1, hashstr2): ''' 计算两个simhash的汉明距离 ''' length = 0 for index, char in enumerate(hashstr1): if char == hashstr2[index]: continue else: length += 1 return length
1.1分词
分词是将文本文档进行分割成不同的词组,比如词1为:今天星期四,词2为:今天星期五
得出分词结果为【今天,星期四】【今天,星期五】
1.2hash
hash是将分词结果取hash值
星期四hash为:0010001100100000101001101010000000101111011010010001100011011110
今天hash为:0010001111010100010011110001110010100011110111111011001011110101
星期五hash为:0010001100100000101001101010000000101111011010010000000010010001
1.3加权
1.4合并
1.5降维
降维是将合并的结果进行降维,如果值大于0,则置为1小于0 则置为0,因此得到的结果为:
2、simhash比对
一般simhash采用海明距离来进行计算相似度,海明距离计算如下:
对于A,B两个n维二进制数
二者的海明距离为:
其中:
举例:
1000与1111的海明距离为3
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